The effect of deviations from temporal expectations on tempo discrimination was studied in 3 experiments using isochronous auditory sequences. Temporal deviations consisted of advancing or delaying the onset of a comparison pattern relative to an "expected" onset, defined by an extension of the periodicity of a preceding standard pattern. An effect of onset condition was most apparent when resp...

Tempo is a simple formal language for modeling distributed, concurrent, and timed systems as collections of interacting state machines, called timed input/output automata. Tempo provides natural mathematical notations for describing systems, their intended properties, and intended relationships between their descriptions at varying levels of abstraction. The Tempo Toolkit is an implementation o...

This study used the psychophysical approach to investigate the impact of tempo and volume of background music on the maximum acceptable weight of lift (MAWL), heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) of participants engaged in lifting. Ten male college students participated in this study. They lifted a box from the floor, walked 1-2 steps as required, placed the box on a table and...

A frequently occurring problem of state-of-the-art tempo estimation algorithms is that the predicted tempo for a piece of music is a whole-number multiple or fraction of the tempo as perceived by humans (tempo octave errors). While often this is simply caused by shortcomings of the used algorithms, in certain cases, this problem can be attributed to the fact that the actual number of beats per ...

Automatic beat tracking and tempo estimation are challenging tasks, especially for audio music with timevarying tempo. This paper proposes tempogram-based probabilistic dynamic model to deal with beat tracking with time-varying tempo. In particular, the tempogram is the base to obtain correct beat positions. The probabilistic model to estimate the beat positions include tempogram strength model...

Specialization is an automatic approach to customizing a program with respect to con guration values. In this paper, we present a survey of Tempo, a specializer for the C language. Tempo o ers specialization at both compile time and run time, and both program and data specialization. To control the specialization process, Tempo provides the program developer with a declarative language to descr...

We report evidence that long-term memory retains absolute (accurate) features of perceptual events. Specifically, we show that memory for music seems to preserve the absolute tempo of the musical performance. In Experiment 1, 46 subjects sang two different popular songs from memory, and their tempos were compared with recorded versions of the songs. Seventy-two percent of the productions on two...

BACKGROUND The role of time management in safe and efficient medicine is important but poorly incorporated into the taxonomies of error in primary care. This paper addresses the lack of time management, presenting a framework integrating five time scales termed 'Tempos' requiring parallel processing by GPs: the disease's tempo (unexpected rapid evolutions, slow reaction to treatment); the offic...

In this paper, we report a novel synthesis of anhydrous 1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine (TEMPO-H). An X-ray crystal structure and full characterization of the compound are included. Compared to hydrated TEMPO-H, its anhydrous form exhibits improved stability and a differing chemical reactivity. The reactions of anhydrous TEMPO-H with a variety of low-valent carbon centres are described...

In the oxidation of alcohols with TEMPO as catalyst, the substrate has alternatively been postulated to be oxidized but uncoordinated TEMPO(+) (Semmelhack) or Cu-coordinated TEMPO(•) radical (Sheldon). The reaction with the Cu(bipy)(2+)/TEMPO cocatalyst system has recently been claimed, on the basis of DFT calculations, to not be a radical reaction but to be best viewed as electrophilic attack ...