Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease of small ruminants caused by the Morbillivirus peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). Two recombinant replication-defective human adenoviruses serotype 5 (Ad5) expressing either the highly immunogenic fusion protein (F) or hemagglutinin protein (H) from PPRV were used to vaccinate sheep by intramuscular inoculation. Both recombin...

Q fever is a zoonosis caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. One of the largest reported outbreaks of Q fever in humans occurred in the Netherlands starting in 2007; epidemiologic investigations identified small ruminants as the source. To determine the genetic background of C. burnetii in domestic ruminants responsible for the human Q fever outbreak, we genotyped 126 C. burnetii-positive s...

Quantitative data on digestive anatomy of the world's largest ruminant, the giraffe, are scarce. Data were collected from a total of 25 wild-caught and 13 zoo-housed giraffes. Anatomical measures were quantified by dimension, area or weight and analysed by allometric regression. The majority of measures scaled positively and isometrically to body mass. Giraffes had lower tissue weight of all st...

The study was carried out from October 2013 to September 2014 in both organised and small sheep and goat farms of coastal areas viz. Cuddalore, Nagapattinam of Tamil Nadu, India. The objective of the present study is to determine the prevalence and seasonal variation of gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants. A total of 1356 faecal samples (63 from goat and 50 from sheep per month) were ...

On the global scale, extensive pastoral production accounts for 10% of total meat production (or a billion head of camels, cattle and small animals on all continents)1 and supports some 200 million pastoral households. Yet, despite the considerable benefits conferred by pastoral production systems, they are often denigrated as being archaic. [R1] On the African continent, despite these subjecti...

Peste des petits ruminants made its first clinical appearance in Pakistan during an epidemic in Punjab Province in 1991, but its level of activity in subsequent years was never systematically recorded. In 2003, 2004 and 2005 teams trained in participatory disease surveillance methods visited a large number of villages throughout Pakistan to record the prevalence and impact of key livestock dise...

A sample comprised by 53 dry modern skulls of adult small ruminants (sheep n = 36 and goat 17) from a comparative collection, absent bony pathologies, was studied on their basal craniofacial aspect. total 26 points (2 sagittal landmarks 24 semilandmarks) 32 (4 28 were chosen the sphenoid bone palatine respectively analysed means geometric morphometric techniques. The interaction individuals sid...

In order to study the seroprevalence of pestivirus infection in small ruminants of Ahvaz at Khouzestan province of Iran, 148 sheep sera and 143 goat sera were randomly collected and tested by seroneutralization. Seroneutralization was performed by NADL strain of Bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1. The results indicated the overall seroprevanelces of 46.62% in sheep and 32.871% in goats. Pre...

BACK GROUND: Bluetongue virus (BTV) is recognized to infect ruminants all around the world, and its prevalence mainly depends on the BTV situation, vectors distribution, weather patterns and susceptibility of the host. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to draw a correlation between the prevalence of BTV antibodies and climate changes in Iranian Azerbaijan Province. METHODS: Sera samples...

Atypical/Nor98 scrapie was first identified in 1998 in Norway. It is now considered as a worldwide disease of small ruminants and currently represents a significant part of the detected transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) cases in Europe. Atypical/Nor98 scrapie cases were reported in ARR/ARR sheep, which are highly resistant to BSE and other small ruminants TSE agents. The biology a...