China has long been identifi ed as the most important international cigarette market, now and in the future— O'Sullivan and Chapman called China the " ultimate prize " among the world's emerging tobacco markets [1]. Almost two-thirds of Chinese men (63%), and 3.8% of Chinese women, are smokers [2], giving a total of 350 million smokers in China, with more on the way. Young Chinese women are lik...

OBJECTIVE This article is the first in a series of international case studies developed by the American Cancer Society to illustrate use of publicly available surveillance data for regional tobacco control. DESIGN A descriptive analysis of Brazil and Paraguay cigarette production and trade data from official sources. METHODS Per capita cigarette consumption for Brazil and its neighbour was ...

Illegal drug smuggling hauls are displayed to the public, but destroyed after being used to prosecute the offenders. Computer viruses display themselves to computer users, everybody takes a copy for their collection, before killing off the in-situ infection(s). Effectively everybody is keeping their own drug haul. Virtually every serious PC user that gets near live virus specimens wants to have...

There is an increasing concern about the control of customs operations. While globalization incentives the opening of the market, increasing amounts of imports and exports have been used to conceal several illicit activities, such as, tax evasion, smuggling, money laundry, and drug traffic. This fact makes it paramount for governments to find automatic or semi-automatic solutions to guide the c...

Wildlife detection dog (WDD) programs are increasingly being developed to combat illegal wildlife trafficking. However, there is little scientific research available on how sniffer dogs perform when parts hidden during the smuggling process, which hampers effectiveness of WDD programs. Here, we investigate ability WDDs detect that in legally traded goods. We employed a smell test using two most...

Smuggling is an important problem in many Indonesian maritime areas, including Batam City. Illegal goods smuggling one of the problems that until now has a high intensity several ports. The prevention and handling measures taken by government have been very strict almost every day Beacukai takes action, but violations still occur year. This may be influenced behavior people living area around p...

Abstract Nowadays, illegal trafficking and smuggling of animals are among the greatest threats to many avian species. Most commonly smuggled birds belong parrots, song birds, raptor species owls. All these protected by national international legislations. In order prevent reduce wildlife trafficking, DNA methods have become an important forensic tool in sex identification. this study, CHD1R/CHD...

1 MaCaron MM, Wood JD. The cocaine "body packer" syndrome diagnosis and treatment. JAMA 1983; 250: 141720. 2 Caruana DS, Weinbach B, George D, Gardner LB. Cocainepacket ingestion. Ann Intern Med 1984; 100: 73-4. 3 Lancshire MJR, Legg PK, Lowe M, Davidson SA, Ellis BW. Surgical aspects of international drug smuggling. BMJ 1988; 296, 1035-7. 4 Dassel PM, Punjabi E. Ingested marihuana filled ballo...