Russell’s viper being one of the most venomous snake species in Asia causes significant amount bites and deaths due to neurotoxicity, coagulopathy, haemorrhage, cardiotoxicity, myotoxicity, hypotension, oedema, tissue damage convulsion. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies, anti-snake venom is only medically approved treatment available for envenomation has many limitations side effects such as...

Bothrombin, a snake-venom serine protease, specifically cleaves fibrinogen, releasing fibrinopeptide A to form non-crosslinked soft clots, aggregates platelets in the presence of exogenous fibrinogen and activates blood coagulation factor VIII. Bothrombin shares high sequence homology with other snake-venom proteases such as batroxobin (94% identity), but only 30 and 34% identity with human alp...

Snake has been known as a group of dangerous animals to everyone around the world since time unmemorable. Its venom is considered as a source of morbidity and mortality in human beings but it is also an important therapeutic agent for treating various types of cancers such leukaemia, breast cancer, ovarian cancer and prostate cancer etc. There is a wide range of snake species around the globe h...

BACKGROUND Non-front-fanged colubroid snakes comprise about two-thirds of extant ophidian species. The medical significance of the majority of these snakes is unknown, but at least five species have caused life-threatening or fatal human envenomings. However, the venoms of only a small number of species have been explored. METHODS A combined venomic and venom gland transcriptomic approach was...

BACKGROUND Snake and insect venoms have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases including drug resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We evaluated and hypothesized the probable mechanisms of venoms against HIV. METHODS Previous literatures published over a period of 30 years (1979-2009) were searched using the key words snake venom, i...

Snake venom is a complex mixture of proteins and peptides, and a number of studies have described the biological properties of several venomous proteins. Nevertheless, a complete proteomic profile of venom from any of the many species of snake is not available. Proteomics now makes it possible to globally identify proteins from a complex mixture. To assess the venom proteomic profiles from Naja...

The aim of this study was designing and preparing the chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) loading with snake (Vipera albicornuta) venom as well as evaluating the influence of different factors on the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of venom. The morphologies and characteristics of CS-NPs were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectr...

The research on natural snake venom metalloendopeptidase inhibitors (SVMPIs) began in the 18th century with the pioneering work of Fontana on the resistance that vipers exhibited to their own venom. During the past 40 years, SVMPIs have been isolated mainly from the sera of resistant animals, and characterized to different extents. They are acidic oligomeric glycoproteins that remain biological...

A case of pregnancy associated with neurotoxic snake bite presenting Neuropathic symptoms and systemic envenomation complicated by disseminated intravascular bleeding is uncommon. We present a 22-year-old Primigravida at 32 weeks gestation on left-hand, left-hand swelling, nasal neuropathic signs. At presentation, there was pallor, tachycardia, hypotension, gravid uterus single live fetus, &amp...