PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to examine the variation in physical activity of elite soccer players within successive prolonged periods of fixture congestion over 5 months of competition during the competitive season 2011-2012. METHODS Sixteen international players, classified into 6 positions (central defenders: CD; full-backs: FB; central defensive midfielders: CDM; wide midfield...

Heart rate variability (HRV) has been increasingly used to monitor team sports athletes. Besides the traditional time domain indices (i.e., the SD of successive RR intervals [SDNN] and the root mean square difference of successive normal RR intervals [RMSSD]), recently the use of the stress score (SS), which is an inverse function of the SD2 index derived from the Poincaré plot, and the sympath...

The main goal of this method paper was to evaluate the reliability and factorial validity of flexibility tests used in soccer, and to do crossvalidation study on 2 other team sports using handball and basketball players. The second aim was to compare the validity of the different tests and evaluate the flexibility of soccer players; the third was to determine the positional differences between ...

the aim of this study was to assess the effect of four weeks of high intensity aerobic interval football training on aerobic performance indices in soccer players. 18 soccer players in iran azadegan league (age 21.88+2.24 yr, height 174.22+5.33 cm, weight 67.7+5.7 kg, body fat percent 12.38+3.29) volunteered to participate in this study and divided into two groups (training, 12 players; control...

Post-match assessments of peak power output (PPO) during countermovement jumps and creatine kinase (CK) concentrations are common markers of recovery status in soccer players. Yet, the impact of soccer match-play on recovery in the 48 hours after competition is unclear, and the between-match variability of these responses has not been examined. Fourteen reserve team players from an English Prem...

Prosumption capital is underexplored within social media sites, especially sports. This article explores how the Covid-19 disruptions were used to extract prosumption from Twitter. Adopting an economic sociology perspective measure capital, 2.3 million tweets analyzed across National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, Hockey League, and Soccer sports properties. applies network anal...

Our last years Soccer Simulation team AT Humboldt 2003 was mainly designed as a research testbed for long-term deliberation and realtime reasoning, cooperative behavior in MAS, CBR-aided decision making and scalable behavior control mechanisms. The main goal was to implement and to evaluate the double pass architecture (DPA). This was always done with regard to the transition of the Simulation ...

W hile concussions occur in nearly every sport and level of competition, the greatest frequency occurs in collision and contact sports such as football, lacrosse, hockey, rugby, soccer, and basketball.16,22,27 Specifically with regard to football, attempts at player-safety improvements for concussion prevention date back to the implementation of helmets by the National Football League (NFL) in ...