introduction:today, shift work is considered as a necessity in many jobs and for some 24-hour services the use of shift-work is growing. however, shift work can lead to physiological and psycho-social problems for shift workers. this study aimed to determine the effects of shift work on the associated health problems, together with the demographic and job characteristics underlying the problems...

the effect of consumers' perception of the country originating a brand is powerful tool used to understand the customer needs, increase the satisfaction and ultimately the profitability of the organization. questionnaire methods designed to gather so many customers, managers and the experts in washing products provide appropriate results by refining and analyzing the data to make decision ...

There are a number of studies linking social capital to oral health among older adults, although the evidence base mainly relies on cross-sectional study designs. The possibility of reverse causality is seldom discussed, even though oral health problems could potentially lead to lower social participation. Furthermore, few studies clearly distinguish between the effects of different dimensions ...

This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of migraine and tension-type headaches among Shiraz primary schools teachers and to provide an epidemiologic model for them. A random sample of 538 teachers, constituting a 10% sample of the primary schools teachers’ population, was evaluated on the basis of the diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society (IHS) as well as clinica...

One way of evaluating the salience of a linguistic feature is by assessing the extent to which listeners associate the feature with a social category such as a particular socioeconomic class, gender, or nationality. Such 'top-down' associations will inevitably differ somewhat from listener to listener, as a linguistic feature - the pronunciation of a vowel or consonant, for instance - can evoke...

The authors investigated whether neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics are associated with coronary heart disease prevalence and risk factors, whether these associations persist after adjustment for individual-level social class indicators, and whether the effects of individual-level indicators vary across neighborhoods. The study sample consisted of 12,601 persons in four US communities (...

Social capital is naturally embedded in social networks. In his famous work on the causal relationship between “bridging” social capital (e.g., associational life), trust, and civic behavior, Putnam [1993] did not investigate the structural aspect of such networks. Recently, the relationship between associational life and civicness of ethnic minority groups in Europe has been investigated [Fenn...

BACKGROUND A number of studies have found associations between multiple aspects of social adversity and obesity in childhood, yet this research has largely been limited to cross-sectional data. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to address this limitation by using life course trajectory methods to determine whether multiple aspects of social adversity in early childhood are associated with changes i...

The current systematic review and meta-analysis provides an extended and comprehensive overview of the associations between neurocognitive and social cognitive functioning and different types of functional outcome. Literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE and PsycINFO and reference lists from identified articles to retrieve relevant studies on cross-sectional associations between neurocogn...

In order to explain the variation in primate social systems, socio-ecology has focussed on the role of ecological factors to explain female associations and relationships and on the spatio-temporal distribution of mating opportunities to explain male associations and relationships. While this approach has been quite successful, it ignores male-female associations and relationships and ignores t...