Sodium valproate (VPA) has been advocated as an antiepileptic of first choice in patients of primary generalised seizures (1) because of low risks of serious side effects and negligible neuropsychiatric manifestations. However, it has been clinically and experimentally observed to induce hepatic dysfunction including hepatic failure resulting in fatalities making periodic screening for liver fu...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of major congenital malformations associated with antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment in pregnancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using data from The Health Improvement Network, we identified women who have given live birth and their offspring. Four subgroups were selected based on the AED treatment in early pregnancy, valproate, carbamazepi...

Seizures in patients with medically refractory epilepsy remain a substantial clinical challenge, not least because of the dearth of evidence-based guidelines as to which antiepileptic drug (AED) regimens are the most effective, and what doses of these drugs to employ. We sought to determine whether there were regions in the dosage range of commonly used AEDs that were associated with superior e...

AIM Using sparse data of valproate (VPA) serum concentrations to build a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model of VPA in Chinese children with epilepsy and to predict serum concentrations for new patients using a Bayesian approach. METHODS Two hundred epileptic children, whose VPA serum concentrations were collected, were divided randomly into two groups (A and B, n=100 each). The PPK parame...

background: sodium valproate, an anticonvulsant drug, is reported to stimulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus replication. since epileptic patients undergoing sodium valproate therapy may suffer from various virus infections, the effect of this drug on replication of viruses especially those affecting neuronal tissues such as herpes simplex virus type 1 is worthy ...

BACKGROUND Off-label use of a drug not according to its regulatory labeling has become common in medicine, especially in the field of psychiatry. Mood stabilizers are intended to be used to attenuate mood fluctuations in bipolar disorder, but their use has spread to patients with schizophrenia, as it provides greater control of impulsivity and aggressiveness. Sodium valproate is one of the most...

objectives this study evaluates the efficacy and safety of zonisamide compared with sodium valproate in the management of migraine headaches. patients and methods in the current double-blind, parallel, randomized, controlled trial, 96 patients with a migraine diagnosis based on the international headache society (his) criteria were selected. they were divided randomly into two groups; the case ...

background: the primary phase of traumatic spinal cord injury (sci) starts by a complex local inflammatory reaction such as secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from microglia and injured cells that substantially contribute to exacerbating pathogenic events in secondary phase. valproic acid (vpa) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor. acetylation of histones is critical to cellular inflammatory...