An unconditional and hitherto unquestioned basic requirement for integrity checking is that the data need to be consistent before the update, such that the success of a simplified test can guarantee the invariance of integrity after the update. We answer the question whether this consistency requirement can be relaxed with ”Yes, at least sometimes, and to some extent.”

Studies on the effectiveness of correctional treatment have widely failed to assess program integrity. This study examined the program integrity of EQUIP in 34 treatment groups of incarcerated offenders, using a new multiaspect program integrity instrument (MIPIE). The first aim of our study was to assess the reliability and validity of the MIPIE. The second aim was to describe the practical ap...

Patched (Ptc), the main receptor for Sonic Hedgehog, is a tumor suppressor. Ptc has been shown to be a dependence receptor, and as such triggers apoptosis in the absence of its ligand. This apoptosis induction occurs through the recruitment by the Ptc intracellular domain of a caspase-activating complex, which includes the adaptor proteins DRAL and TUCAN, and the apical caspase-9. We show here ...

Papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) are the most common type of thyroid malignancy. Most PTC carry one of the two mutations, RET/PTC rearrangement or BRAF mutation. Both mutations are able to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) signaling transduction pathway leading to cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. PD03259...

The global phase diagram ~i.e., vapor–liquid and fluid–solid equilibrium! of two-center Lennard-Jones ~2CLJ! model molecules of bond length L5s has been determined by computer simulation. The vapor–liquid equilibrium conditions are obtained using the Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo method and by performing isobaric-isothermal NPT calculations at zero pressure. In the case of the solid phase, two clo...

The microstructure and mechanical properties of 7075 wrought aluminum alloy produced by strain induced melt activation (SIMA) route were investigated.Also liquid volume fraction measurement was studied by three procedures. Remelting process was carried out in the range of 560 to 610 °C for 20 min holding. The microstructure in the semi-solid state consists of fine spherical solid grains surroun...

Pharmaceutical companies are manufacturers of both solid and liquid formulations. Solid formulations may be tablets, dry powers, confectionary and solid injectables; liquid formulations may be eye drops, ointments, I.V. and other parenteral solutions. Parenteral solutions are packed as large volume parenteral (LVP) solutions, small volume parenteral (SVP) solutions and dry powders requiring rec...

Nanoconfined liquid water can transform into low-dimensional ices whose crystalline structures are dissimilar to any bulk ices and whose melting point may significantly rise with reducing the pore size, as revealed by computer simulation and confirmed by experiment. One of the intriguing, and as yet unresolved, questions concerns the observation that the liquid water may transform into a low-di...