In this paper, a CFD model of syngas flow in slurry bubble column was developed. The model is based on an Eulerian-Eulerian approach and includes three phases: slurry of solid particles suspended in paraffin oil and syngas bubbles. Numerical calculations carried out for catalyst particles, bubble coalescence and breakup included bubble-fluid drag force and interfacial area effects. Also, the ef...

Comparing a solution phase route to a solid phase route in the synthesis of the cytotoxic natural product urukthapelstatin A (Ustat A) confirmed that a solid phase method is superior. The solution phase approach was tedious and involved cyclization of a ridged heterocyclic precursor, while solid phase allowed the rapid generation of a flexible linear peptide. Cyclization of the linear peptide w...

Background: Fritillaria imperialis is an endangered species with pharmaceutical alkaloids that can be effective in reducing blood pressure and reducing cardiac palpitations.   Objective: Comparison of head space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and hydro-distillation (HD) techniques in determination of essential oils in Fritillaria imperialis Methods: Quality and quantity determination o...

Keywords: Phase transformation Phase-field Interfacial phases Internal stresses Intermediate melt Nucleation a b s t r a c t A thermodynamically consistent phase-field (PF) theory for phase transformations (PTs) between three different phases is developed with emphases on the effect of a stress tensor and interface interactions. The phase equilibrium and stability conditions for homogeneous pha...

The synthesis of polypeptides on solid phase via mediation by isonitriles is described. The acyl donor is a thioacid, which presumably reacts with the isonitrile to generate a thio-formimidate carboxylate mixed anhydride intermediate. Applications of this chemistry to reiterative solid-phase peptide synthesis as well as solid-phase fragment coupling are described.

The measurement of microalbuminuria in diabetics is now clinically important as a predictor of later overt clinical proteinuria, reflecting advanced diabetic nephropathy [l-3]. Urine albumin assays suitable for routine use in the clinical laboratory are therefore important. Measurement of microalbuminuria by current techniques including immunodiffusion [4] and electroimmunoassay [5] are time-co...