When additional information sources are available in decision making problems that allow stochastic optimization formulations, an important question is how to optimally use the information the sources are capable of providing. A framework that relates information characteristics of a source to solution quality characteristics of the problem was proposed in a companion paper where the problem of...

Expressions are derived for the fluorescence response functions of organic solution systems in which non-radiative energy transfer occurs and obeys either Stern-Volmer or Forster kinetics. Scintillation pulse shapes are evaluated for typical crystals, binary and temary liquid solutions, and binary plastic solutions. The scintillation decay time is inadequate to describe the time characteristics...

A neural network approach is presented for modeling and characterization of on-chip copper spiral inductors. The approach involves the creation of neural network models to map 3D multi-level spiral inductor geometric characteristics to SPICE equivalent circuit parameters. The neural network replaces computationally expensive FEM-based extraction and field solution. The approach is especially at...

When additional information sources are available in decision making problems that allow stochastic optimization formulations, an important question is how to optimally use the information the sources are capable of providing. We propose a framework that relates information characteristics of a source to solution quality characteristics of the problem and formulate the problem of optimal inform...

A class of priority queueing systems with non-zero switching times, referred to as generalized priority systems, is considered and discussed. Analytical results regarding the distribution of busy periods and various auxiliary characteristics are presented. The algorithms of the numerical solution of recurrent functional equations which appear in the analysis of the characteristics of such syste...

Adaptive governance is an emergent phenomenon resulting from the interaction of locally driven collaborative efforts with a hierarchy of governmental regulation and management and is thought to be capable of navigating social ́ecological change as society responds to the effects of climate change. The assertion of Native American water rights on highly developed water systems in North America ha...

The aim of this study was to investigate experimentally if 5-HT3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) contribute to pain perception and efficacy of the 5-HT3-antagonist granisetron and sex differences. Sixty healthy participants were genotyped regarding HTR3A (rs1062613) and HTR3B (rs1176744). First, pain was induced by bilateral hypertonic saline injections (HS, 5.5%, 0.2 mL) into the massete...

We construct a global smooth approximate solution to a multidimensional scalar conservation law describing the shock wave formation process for initial data with small variation. In order to solve the problem, we modify the method of characteristics by introducing “new characteristics”, nonintersecting curves along which the (approximate) solution to the problem under study is constant. The pro...

INTRODUCTION Although it is known that female rats have a more robust behavioral response to acute cocaine administration than male rats, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to determine if there are sex differences in cocaine's regulation of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor mRNA levels. METHODS Male and female Fischer ra...

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of depression along gender lines in the general population. METHODS Using multistage stratified proportionate sampling, the cross-sectional study was conducted in four Union Councils of Jalal Pur Jattan in Gujrat, Pakistan from November 2011 to November 2012. From each stratum, two samples were taken: adults and adolescents. Then each sample was divided into...