We fabricated a two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal lectin sensing material that utilizes light diffraction from a 2-D colloidal array attached to the surface of a hydrogel that contains mannose carbohydrate groups. Lectin-carbohydrate interactions create hydrogel cross-links that shrink the hydrogel volume and decrease the 2-D particle spacing. This mannose containing 2-D photonic crystal s...

“Factory”-like e+-e– colliders presently under design or construction achieve high luminosity by resorting to large numbers of closely-spaced bunches. The short bunch spacing implies that there are unavoidable parasitic collisions (PCs) in the neighborhood of the interaction point (IP). Since the bunch population of the beam is not uniform due to an intentional ion-clearing gap, the bunches at ...

We present a novel on-chip method for quantitative two-dimensional differential phase imaging. This technique uses four circular holes (600 nm diameter, 1.2 mum spacing) arranged in a 'plus' pattern that are fabricated in a layer of metal above a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) imaging sensor. The interference pattern of the aperture shifts position with respect to the differenti...

Nanowires of the wide band-gap semiconductor gallium nitride (GaN) have been shown to act as room-temperature uv lasers. Recent advances in nanomanipulation have made it possible to modify the shape of these structures from a linear to a pseudoring conformation. Changes to the optical boundary conditions of the lasing cavity affect the structure's photoluminescence, photon confinement, and lasi...

We introduce characterizations for many-body phase transitions between delocalized and localized phases based on the system's sensitivity to boundary conditions. In particular, we change conditions from periodic antiperiodic calculate a shift in energy shifts single-particle density-matrix eigenvalues corresponding window. employ typical model studying MBL, one-dimensional disordered system of ...

Abstract The Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of metal materials has been widely used in photocatalysis, light sensing, biomarkers, solar cells and other fields. In this study, the surface characteristics tungsten (W) nanowires with different diameters lengths are analyzed using finite element method. thermal effect gap crossed induced by plasma is studied. Results show that peak shifts red, int...

Studies of the interaction between hydrogen and graphene have been increasingly required due to the indispensable modulation of the electronic structure of graphene for device applications and the possibility of using graphene as a hydrogen storage material. Here, we report on the behaviour of molecular hydrogen on graphene using the gate voltage-dependent resistance of single-, bi-, and multi-...

We have measured the extended x-ray absorption-fine-structure (EXAFS) at the Y-K edge of YBa2Cu3Ox for x=6.801, 6.947, 6.968, 6.984 at T=20-300 K. The Y–Cu2 pairs vibrate harmonically but freeze out in the superconducting phase. The Y-O2,3 pairs exhibit strong anharmonicities with a singularity at Tc. With increasing oxygen concentration the Cu2 layer shifts along c towards the Ba layer. Optimu...

Cells can swell or shrink in certain solutions; however, no equivalent activity has been observed in inorganic materials. Although lamellar materials exhibit increased volume with increase in the lamellar period, the interlamellar expansion is usually limited to a few nanometres, with a simultaneous partial or complete exfoliation into individual atomic layers. Here we demonstrate a large monol...