This paper studies both theoretically and empirically hierarchies’ role in organizing the division of labor. We develop an equilibrium model of the depth and breadth of knowledge individuals acquire and of the organizational implications of these choices. We show that as the size of the economy increases, the value of the arbitrage between fields performed by generalists declines, and this lead...

OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to measure how access to primary health care in Mississippi varies by type of health insurance. METHODS We called primary care physician (general practitioner, family practice, internal medicine, obstetrics/gynecology, and pediatric) offices in Mississippi three times, citing different types of health insurance coverage in each call, and asked for a n...

This paper examines people’s behavior as it relates to lighting usage in private offices in a university office building. Sixty-three private offices were monitored at one-minute intervals for room occupancy and lighting usage over an 11-month period in 1995. Walk-through observations were also conducted, and two written surveys were administered. Four lighting control configurations were teste...

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of information on forest and data transfer and to identify the gaps in information and data flow in forestry sector in Iran. The study evaluated the data and information flow in three levels (control offices level, provincial offices level and organizational offices level) using the document analysis and questioning (interviews and ques...