This paper proposes an asymptotic one-sided N(0, 1) test for independence between two stationary time series using the empirical characteristic function. Unlike the tests based on the cross-correlation function (e.g. Haugh, 1976; Hong, 1996; Koch & Yang 1986), the proposed test has power against all pairwise cross-dependencies, including those with zero cross-correlation. By differentiating the...

Stachys lavandulifolia is used as the herbal tea and its wide and potent medical effects have been reported for the extract in animal studies. This study aimed to find the safety profile of the extract to find the appropriate doses for further human studies. The aerial parts of the plant were air-dried and the hydroalcoholic extract was obtained and concentrated by percolation method with 140 m...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of wood betony (WB), Stachys lavandulifolia extract on growth performance and some immune responses in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Different concentrations of the WB extract 0, 2, 4 and 8% (g per 100 g of diet) were added to commercial diet. Each treatment was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of fish having average initial weight ...

Among the essential elements of a theory of disease is the set of criteria that must be satisfied to establish that some specific factor is the cause of a particular disease. For example, in the germ theory various nonequivalent criteria have been proposed for establishing that specific micro-organisms cause particular diseases.' Perhaps the most famous criteria are the conditions known as Koch...

The lycosid genus Agalenocosa Mello-Leitão, 1944 comprises at least eight species from northern and eastern Argentina and neighbouring countries: Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling, 1891) comb. nov. (from southern Brazil and Argentina), transferred here from Pirata Sundevall, 1833, A. tricuspidata (Tullgren, 1905) comb. nov. (from northwestern Argentina), transferred here from Pardosa C.L. Koch, 184...

The year 2005 marks the 100th anniversary of Robert Koch's Nobel Prize. Here, we describe the scientific career of Robert Koch, the discoverer of the etiologic agent of tuberculosis but also of those of anthrax, cholera and wound infections. Equally important, Koch developed the methodologies and concepts that made medical microbiology a scientific discipline. Despite great efforts, however, Ko...