background: test anxiety is one of the major causes of students’ academic failure.  this problem would be more salient for pre-university students as they are highly engaged with university entrance exam. psychotherapy can be supposed as a desired method of reducing test anxiety for students and their parents. the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive and relaxatio...

Objective ‒ to implement a inified algorithm for determining an ischemic cerebral stroke (ICS) etiological subtype and evaluate the results of its use in patients who were admitted comprehensive unit (CSU).Materials methods. The study enrolled 689 with ICS (43.4 % women, 56.6 men; median age 68.1 years (59.7–75.5)) 2010 2018 hospital where structure processes correspond principles CSU. particip...

The introduction of computer-based testing in high-stakes examining in higher education is developing rather slowly due to institutional barriers (the need of extra facilities, ensuring test security) and teacher and student acceptance. From the existing literature it is unclear whether computer-based exams will result in similar results as paper-based exams and whether student acceptance can c...

The goal of the study was three-fold: to investigate medical student behaviors (e.g., changing answers) while taking high-stakes multiple-choice exams; to determine if specific behaviors were associated with performance on the exam; and to determine if there are associations of learning style, as measured by Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory (LSI), with test-taking activities. We developed high-s...

this study constitutes an attempt to see what language assessment literacy (lal) isfor three groups of stakeholders, namely lal test developers, lal instructors, andlal test-takers. the perceptions of the former group were derived from the contentanalysis of the latest version of the lal test, and those of the latter 2 groups wereassessed through a survey designed by the researcher. participant...

This is a book review of Claudia Yaghoobi, Temporary Marriage in Iran: Gender and Body Politics Modern Iranian Film Literature (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020).

The present study was an attempt to investigate the washback effect of the TEFL MA University Entrance Exam on the teaching and learning behaviors of students and professors. The TEFL MA UEE consists of three sub-components that deal with particular aspects of applied linguistics; each of these parts measures the participants’ knowledge in linguistics, language testing, and teaching methodology...

The World Economic Forum’s Gender Gap Index shows the serious nature of Japan’s gender gap. gap with respect to political and economic participation is obvious. percentage women in Diet (the national parliament) significantly low, few hold management positions. Although not shown Index, there are hidden inequalities education health care Japan. These largely due remnants traditional family cult...

This study aims at discovering whether university entrance exam (UEE), a high-stake selection test in Iran, influences the high school and pre-university EFL teachers` methodology and test development. The participants of this study included thirty high school and pre-university EFL teachers who were randomly selected from ten different schools. To answer the research questions, five types of m...

This study was carried out to compare Iranian college students’ rate of incidental vocabulary learning when reading texts for different purposes (specific vs. general) and in different conditions (marked vs. unmarked) using Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) . The hypertext software programme which was used in this study is characterized with prominent capabilities such as presenting th...