Steam reforming of the crude glycerol by-product of a biodiesel production plant has been evaluated experimentally at atmospheric pressure, with and without in situ CO(2) sorption, in a continuous flow fixed-bed reactor between 400 degrees C and 700 degrees C. The process outputs were compared to those using pure glycerol. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were used to assess the effect on...

BACKGROUND Stimulated-echo (STEAM) and, more recently, motion-compensated spin-echo (M2-SE) techniques have been used for in-vivo diffusion tensor cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DT-CMR) assessment of cardiac microstructure. The two techniques differ in the length scales of diffusion interrogated, their signal-to-noise ratio efficiency and sensitivity to both motion and strain. Previous comp...

Most parts of the electricity generating equipments in power plants work at elevated temperature and high steam pressure, including boiler, turbine and connected system of tubing and piping. The generating equipments operate with steam pressures in the range of 20MPa or even more and the steam temperature is also high in the range of 600 °C. This will be the condition of water and steam inside ...

This paper reanalysed the 255 sets of geothermal two-phase flow data of Freeston et al (1983). A new void fraction correlation is proposed in this paper. The new correlation is derived from the analysis of two-phase flow velocity distribution using the Seventh Power Law as: To predict the two-phase pressure drop, an equivalent pseudosingle-phase flow having the same boundary layer velocity dist...

Phase transformation affects multiphase flow in geothermal and gas-condensate reservoirs due to the same substance occurring in different phases. These effects change the phase behavior and the flow characteristics. The goals of this research were to compare the flow behavior and relative permeabilities difference between two-phase flow with and without phase transformation effects in smooth-wa...

Strong fieldwide gradients from southeast to northwest in gas/steam and 6"O have been found in steam produced from wells at The Geysers. These gradients result from recharge from the southeast that has increased liquid saturation in the southern part of the reservoir and flushed gases and high 6"O connate waters to the north and out of the system through surface vents. Variations in the steepne...

Wet thermal oxidation at 1000 “C of a 470-nm-thick epitaxial Ge~&3,,~ layer on ( 100)Si produces oxides of different composition depending on the details of the oxidation procedure. When a cold sample is directly exposed to the hot steam, the surface layer of the oxide contains both Ge and Si. Only SiOZ forms if a preheated sample is exposed to the hot steam. The effect is not present for dry o...

2,7-Dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (DCDD) was found to evaporate easily with water vapor from a heated solution. Steam distillation was also effective for the removal of DCDD from DCDD-applied soil; its concentration (250 microg/50g soil) in the original soil decreased to less than 5% after steam distillation for only 20 min. Actual dioxin-polluted soil in Tokorozawa City was partially decontaminated...

A comparison of two types of scalders was conducted to determine their effectiveness in reducing bacterial contamination of poultry carcasses. A conventional hot-water scalder and a prototype model of a steam scalder were tested under commercial conditions. Total plate counts from steam-scalded birds were significantly lower than the counts of water-scalded birds immediately after scalding and ...

This paper describes progress towards a first-of-a-kind demonstration of an integrated solar dish and moltensalt storage system, using the superheated steam energy transport concept developed by Wizard Power. Superheated steam is used to charge an energy storage system with a single sensible-heat-storage medium (in this case molten salt), by restricting the steam conditions to the superheat reg...