Supplementary energy dissipation has proved to be an effective way of protecting structures from the disastrous effects earthquakes and been used in last decades both new existing constructions. In this regard, various procedures for design damping system seismic retrofit buildings have formulated over years, mainly focused on reinforced concrete (RC) constructions, which represent largest part...

Steel structures have been widely used in large public venues and super-high-rise buildings due to their strong spatial flexibility, good seismic performance, beautiful appearance. For with high lighting requirements, such as shopping malls, stadiums, exhibition halls, a super-large day-lighting roof light-transmitting steel is be designed on top. However, it impossible directly hoist cranes bu...

Geometric imperfections such as radial imperfection, diamond shape, and local dimples could affect the buckling mode and load carrying capacity of axially compressed steel tubular columns. This paper experimentally investigates the effect of radial imperfection on the load carrying capacity of tubular columns. Test samples include 100 specimens with different values for diameter, length, thickn...