The goal of this study was to establish force data for the rat sternomastoid (SM) muscle after reinnervation with nerve end-to-end anastomosis (EEA), which could be used as a baseline for evaluating the efficacy of new reinnervation techniques. The SM muscle on one side was paralyzed by transecting its nerve and then EEA was performed at different time points: immediate EEA, 1-month and 3-month...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical usefulness of sonoelastography in infants with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT). METHODS The medical records of 215 infants clinically diagnosed with CMT were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-three infants met the inclusion criteria as follows: 1) infants diagnosed as CMT with a palpable neck mass before 3 months of age, 2) infants who were evaluated ini...

SUMMARY Our aim was to analyze the differences in the referred pain patterns and size of the areas of those myofascial trigger points (TrPs) involved in chronic tension type headache (CTTH) including a number of muscles not investigated in previous studies. Thirteen right handed women with CTTH (mean age: 38 ± 6 years) were included. TrPs were bilaterally searched in upper trapezius, sternoclei...

The neck is often used to study postural and locomotor behaviors across primates. Partially due the complexity of this 3D system, there has not yet been a quantitative comparative nuchal muscle function. In study, we applied innovative methods visualize, quantify, compare epaxial muscles among primate taxa characterize relationship between trunk posture, extreme head turning behaviors, forelimb...

Necessary requirements for the successful management of an esophageal fistula are the following: functional closure of the defect, control of infection, shortened period of hospitalization, and minimal donor-site morbidity. A sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle flap meets those requirements. Furthermore, the SCM muscle flap is already a well established treatment for non-oncologic patients, althou...