Conflicting objectives becomes a common issue in many supply chain network optimization problems. In this paper, a new model is formulated to design a green supply chain network through a new mixed integer linear programming problem. Uncertain demand and stochastic environmental respect levels are the main parameters of the formulation. The first objective function minimizes the cost of the sup...

C two markets of different sizes but similar costs and fare structure. All other things being equal, is an airline’s expected revenue larger in the market with larger demand? If not, under what circumstances is it possible to compare expected revenues without carrying out a detailed analysis? In this article, we provide answers to these questions by studying the relationship between the optimal...

In this study, we model an electronic supply chain that is managed by artificial agents. We investigate whether artificial agents do better than humans when playing the MIT Beer Game. Can the artificial agents mitigate the Bullwhip effect or discover good and effective business strategies? In particular, we study the following questions: Can agents learn reasonably good policies in the face of ...

This paper studies the computation of order up to levels for a stochastic programming inventory problem of a perishable product. Finding a solution is a challenge as the problem enhances a perishable product, fixed ordering cost and non-stationary stochastic demand with a service level constraint. An earlier study [6] derived order-up-to values via an MILP approximation. We consider a computati...

In this article, the design of a Supply Chain Network (SCN) consisting of several suppliers, production plants, distribution centers and retailers, is considered. Demands of retailers are considered stochastic parameters, so we generate amounts of data via simulation to extract a few demand scenarios. Then a mixed integer two-stage programming model is developed to optimize simultaneously two o...

Optimal futures hedging is examined in a two-good model with stochastic output and sequential information arrival. A producer’s optimal hedge depends on demand elasticity, sensitivity of his output to weather. his correlation with aggregate output, and how rapidly his output uncertainty is resolved relative to other producers during different seasonal periods. Because regional output uncertaint...

This paper formulates Rosenberg’s (1982) “learning by using” as a stochastic process. The producer of machines learns from the experience of users. Due to this learning, the quality of machines improves over time. It turns out that the process of this improvement approximately takes an exponential form. This improvement process, combined with the growth of demand due to the improvement, can pro...

in this paper, by using dynamic stochastic general equilibrium, optimal monetary rule derived for central bank of iran. monetary transmission mechanism of the model includes four equations, aggregate demand, aggregate supply, oil price and taylor rule. we have proved that dynamic structure of aggregate demand relation, regarding monetary inflation in iran, is a function of money growth rate. wi...

demand for consumption of protein, as a result of improvement in the income and nutrition levels, has a rapid growth in developing countries. broiler industry has a crucial role in providing protein. to design an optimal plan and to use the potential resources, analyzing cost structure of this industry is required. in this study, cost structure and economies of scale of broiler industry were an...

Inspired by new developments in dynamic spectrum access, we study the dynamic pricing of wireless internet access when demand and capacity (i.e., available bandwidth) are both stochastic. The demand for wireless internet access has increased enormously in recent years. However, the spectrum available to wireless service providers is limited. The industry has thus expanded conventional license-b...