In many applications, stream data are too voluminous to be collected in a central fashion and often transmitted on a distributed network. In this paper, we focus on the outlier detection over distributed data streams in real time, firstly, we formalize the problem of outlier detection using the kernel density estimation technique. Then, we adopt the fading strategy to keep pace with the transie...

  The study seeks to address the importance of urban stream ecosystems from the perspective of urban ecology, human health and social well-being in the context of urban planning. The case study area is Paveh stream in the City of Paveh. The data from the case study area were gathered from questionnaire, existing scientific and library studies and by conducting interviews with residents and auth...

Author details Centre for Care Research Western Norway, Bergen University College, P.O Box 7030, 5020 Bergen, Norway. Department of Nursing, Bergen University College, P.O Box 7030, 5020 Bergen, Norway. Departement of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Bergen University College, P.O Box 7030, 5020 Bergen, Norway. Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Ulriksdal 10, 5009 Be...

We characterized the structure and composition of unmanaged riparian forests in three river basins in Oregon’s coastal mountains. Our objective was to evaluate stand attributes at three spatial scales: streamside (site), drainage network (stream order), and basin (subregion). Data on basal area, species composition, snag density, canopy cover, and tree regeneration were collected along transect...

Spatial population models predict strong density-dependence and relatively stable population dynamics near the core of a species' distribution with increasing variance and importance of density-independent processes operating towards the population periphery. Using a 10-year data set and an information-theoretic approach, we tested a series of candidate models considering density-dependent and ...

1. Land-use studies are challenging because of the difficulty of finding catchments that can be used as replicates and because land-use effects may be obscured by sources of variance acting over spatial scales smaller than the catchment. To determine the extent to which land-use effects on stream ecosystems are scale dependent, we designed a wholecatchment study of six matched pairs (pasture ve...

In this paper an image transmission system has been proposed where Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) algorithm is used as an image coder and Rate Compatible Punctured Convolution (RCPC) channel coder is used for transmission of coded image over wireless channels (AWGN and Rayleigh fading). JPEG bit stream is partitioned into DC and AC bit streams. AC bit stream further classified using ed...

Based on the concept of multiple-stream prior evolution and posterior pooling, we propose a new incremental adaptive Bayesian learning framework for e cient on-line adaptation of the continuous density hidden Markov model (CDHMM) parameters. As a rst step, we apply the a ne transformations to the mean vectors of CDHMMs to control the evolution of their prior distribution. This new stream of pri...