[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between standing balance increased through muscle-strengthening exercises and pain in knee osteoarthritis patients. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty knee osteoarthritis patients were equally divided into a strengthening exercise group and an unstable exercise group. Before and after the six-week experiment, the visual analogue sca...

In this paper it will be shown how conditional presuppositions can be strengthened to unconditional ones if we assume that the antecedent and consequent of a conditional presupposition are independent of one another. Our notion of independence is very weak, and based on Lewis’ (1988) notion of orthogonality of questions. It will be argued that our way to strengthen these presuppositions does no...

A Portland cement plaster wall system has many positive features, but one of the physical properties that it does not possess is flexural strength. It is because of the inability of the Portland cement plaster membrane to bend or flex that glass fiber strands were used in Portland cementbased plaster. There are various types of synthetic fibers on the market that will provide flexural strength ...

©2003 EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ORGANIZATION EMBO reports VOL 4 | special issue | 2003 S61 Public health in reverse; this term has been applied to the deliberate use of microorganisms to cause and spread disease (Harris & Paxman, 1982, p. xii). Biological warfare is not only a perversion of science; it goes against the very heart of human efforts to reduce and eliminate infectious disease as a...

A complete and detailed analysis of the microstructural development during ageing in an 8090 (Al-2.3Li-1.2Cu-1Mg-0.1Zr) alloy, an 8090/20wt%SiCp MMC, an Al-1.5Li-Cu-Mg MMC and an Al-Cu-Mg MMC (all with similar Cu and Mg contents) has been performed. Volume fractions of all precipitates relevant for precipitation strengthening of the alloys (δ' phase, S' phase and GPB zones) have been determined...

Gintis (2000) presents a model of the evolutionary emergence of strong reciprocity that may in part explain a high level of sociality in human groups despite a low level of relatedness among members. A strong reciprocator is predisposed to cooperate with others and punish defectors at a cost to himself. Gintis (2000) argues that those groups that have strong reciprocators as members might have ...

Access control encryption (ACE) was proposed by Damgård et al. to enable the control of information flow between several parties according to a given policy specifying which parties are, or are not, allowed to communicate. By involving a special party, called the sanitizer, policy-compliant communication is enabled while policy-violating communication is prevented, even if sender and receiver a...