This paper investigates situations where a property of a ring can be tested on a set of “prime right ideals.” Generalizing theorems of Cohen and Kaplansky, we show that every right ideal of a ring is finitely generated (resp. principal) iff every “prime right ideal” is finitely generated (resp. principal), where the phrase “prime right ideal” can be interpreted in one of many different ways. We...

We discuss various properties of a ring over which each simple module is Σ-injective. We shall consider associative rings with identity. Our modules will be unital right modules unless stated otherwise. The class of right V rings was introduced by Villamayor [20]. A ring R is called a right V ring if each simple right Rmodule is injective. It is a well-known unpublished result due to Kaplansky ...

An 18-year-old male patient was referred with an atypical form of vascular ring consisting of a right aortic arch, a right descending aorta, a persistent right ligamentum arteriosum, and a dilated right pulmonary artery in the setting of discontinuous pulmonary arteries with a single functional right lung. The initial presentation was that of pneumonia of the right lung and later evaluation rev...

Path integral molecular dynamics simulations, combined with an ab initio evaluation of interactions using electronic structure theory, incorporate the quantum mechanical nature of both the electrons and nuclei, which are essential to accurately describe systems containing light nuclei. However, path integral simulations have traditionally required a computational cost around two orders of magni...

let $r$ be an arbitrary ring with identity and $m$ a right $r$-module with $s=$ end$_r(m)$. the module $m$ is called {it rickart} if for any $fin s$, $r_m(f)=se$ for some $e^2=ein s$. we prove that some results of principally projective rings and baer modules can be extended to rickart modules for this general settings.

Abstract Nonalternant aromatic π-electron systems show promises for surface functionalization due to their unusual electronic structure. Based on our previous experiences metal surfaces, we investigate the adsorption structures, dynamics and bonding characteristics of azulene its alternant isomer naphthalene Si(001) surface. Using a combination density functional theory, ab initio molecular dyn...

The notions of a right quasiregular element and right modular right ideal in a near-ring are initiated. Based on these J 0(R), the right Jacobson radical of type-0 of a near-ring R is introduced. It is obtained that J 0 is a radical map andN(R)⊆ J 0(R), whereN(R) is the nil radical of a near-ring R. Some characterizations of J 0(R) are given and its relation with some of the radicals is also di...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the width of 3 or 4 fingers of one hand and maximum mouth opening (MMO) in healthy subjects. METHODS One hundred and forty dental students (age 21 to 42 years, mean 27.4 years) participated in the study. The ability of each subject to position 3 or 4 fingers, vertically aligned, between the upper and lower central incisors...