A model of foveal achromatic and chromatic sensitivity [Vision Res. 36, 1597 (1996)] was extended to the peripheral visual field. Threshold-versus-illuminance functions were analyzed to determine effects of eccentricity on absolute thresholds and gain constants of chromatic and luminance mechanisms. The resulting peripheral model successfully predicted peripheral contrast sensitivity as a funct...

Quantum mechanical analysis of electron tunneling in nine thermally fluctuating cytochrome b562 derivatives reveals two distinct protein-mediated coupling limits. A structure-insensitive regime arises for redox partners coupled through dynamically averaged multiple-coupling pathways (in seven of the nine derivatives) where heme-edge coupling leads to the multiple-pathway regime. A structure-dep...

Comprehension failures in agrammatic aphasics, as well as their difficulties in sentence construction, have been attributed to an underlying deficit involving the retrieval of syntactic structure. In this study we show that four agrammatic patients display a remarkable sensitivity to structural information, as indicated by their performance on a grammaticality judgment task. These results indic...

We study a model of a decentralized firm with moral hazard and intrafirm trade. Relationship-specific investments, by making internal trade more profitable at the margin, result in greater expected trade volume and thereby greater compensation risk borne by division managers. Formally accounting for this investment/risk link overturns some key findings in prior incomplete contracting studies. F...

Evidence from brain-damaged patients suggests that regions in the temporal lobes, distinct from those engaged in lower-level auditory analysis, process the pitch and rhythmic structure in music. In contrast, neuroimaging studies targeting the representation of music structure have primarily implicated regions in the inferior frontal cortices. Combining individual-subject fMRI analyses with a sc...

The contrast sensitivity of the human eye has been measured as a function of eccentricity. The stimulus used was a sine-wave grating with a fixed height of 5’. in a surround of luminance that equals the average stimulus luminance. The measurements were carried out with stimulus width as the independent variable. The “local’. sensitivity for gratings was found to decrease monotonically with incr...

We have investigated the influence of multimode fiber core (MMFC) diameters and lengths on the sensitivity of an SMS fiber based refractometer. We show that the MMFC diameter has significant influence on the refractive index (RI) sensitivity but the length does not. A refractometer with a lower MMFC diameter has a higher sensitivity. Experimental investigations achieved a maximum sensitivity of...

One influential view of language acquisition is that children master structural generalizations by making and learning from structure-informed predictions. Previous work has shown that from 3 years of age children can use semantic associations to generate predictions. However, it is unknown whether they can generate predictions by combining these associations with knowledge of linguistic struct...

This paper describes an evaluation of Taylor's (1998) hierarchic model of fears and its relationship to trait anxiety and disgust sensitivity (DS). In Study 1 (N=420), a confirmatory factor analysis supported a hierarchic structure of fears. Next, an analysis using structural equation modeling indicated that trait anxiety is associated with claustrophobic and social fears, whereas DS is associa...

As intervened edges are difficult to be determined when intervention method is used for learning the causal relationships of probability model, an active learning method (Structural Intervention Learning of Sensitivity Analysis –SILSA Algorithm) is proposed. SILSA algorithm obtains original network structure based on k2 algorithm, then uses junction tree algorithm to decompose original networks...