G. Francis and F. Hermens (2002) used computer simulations to claim that many current models of metacontrast masking can account for the findings of V. Di Lollo, J. T. Enns, and R. A. Rensink (2000). They also claimed that notions of reentrant processing are not necessary because all of V. Di Lollo et al.’s data can be explained by feed-forward models. The authors show that G. Francis and F. He...

A class G of graphs is said to be χ-bounded if there is a function f : N → R such that for all G ∈ G and all induced subgraphs H of G, χ(H) ≤ f(ω(H)). In this paper, we show that if G is a χ-bounded class, then so is the closure of G under any one of the following three operations: substitution, gluing along a clique, and gluing along a bounded number of vertices. Furthermore, if G is χ-bounded...

Accumulation techniques were invented to transform functional programs, which intensively use append functions (like inefficient list reversal), into more efficient programs, which use accumulating parameters instead (like efficient list reversal). In this paper we present a generalized and automatic accumulation technique that also handles programs operating with unary functions on arbitrary t...

Substitution Delone set families are families of Delone sets X = (X1, . . . ,Xn) which satisfy the inflation functional equation

What does the term "nucleophilic substitution" imply? • A nucleophile is an the electron rich species that will react with an electron poor species • A substitution implies that one group replaces another. Nucleophilic substitution reactions occur when an electron rich species, the nucleophile, reacts at an electrophilic saturated C atom attached to an electronegative group (important), the lea...

The existing superstar model (Rosen, 1981) does not require imperfect substitutes, and the convexity of total earnings with respect to talent is due to greater output for those with more talent. Our model explains why wages would increase at an increasing rate in talent. Imperfect substitutability between non-superstars and superstars with probabilistic production results in convexity in wage r...

The class of Cyclotomic Aperiodic Substitution Tilings (CASTs) is introduced. Its vertices are supported on the 2n-th cyclotomic field. It covers a wide range of known aperiodic substitution tilings of the plane with finite rotations. Substitution matrices and minimal inflation multipliers of CASTs are discussed as well as practical use cases to identify specimen with individual dihedral symmet...

Have cell phones and the Internet created a revolution in the way that protests are organized? Or are they merely a substitution for previous methods of communication? The literature on the topic is divided between the cyberphiles, who argue that information and communication technologies (ICTs) allow individuals to better organize and amplify social movements and the cyberskeptics, who reject ...

Sensory Substitution (SenSub) is an approach that allows perceiving environmental information that is normally received via one sense (e.g., vision) via another sense (e.g., touch or audition). A typical SenSub system includes three major components: (a) a sensor that senses information typically received by the substituted modality (e.g., visual), (b) a coupling system that can process the sen...