RGS proteins regulate the duration of G protein signaling by increasing the rate of GTP hydrolysis on G protein alpha subunits. The complex of RGS9 with type 5 G protein beta subunit (G beta 5) is abundant in photoreceptors, where it stimulates the GTPase activity of transducin. An important functional feature of RGS9-G beta 5 is its ability to activate transducin GTPase much more efficiently a...

We have shown previously that the Ca channel b3 subunit is capable of modulating tonic G-protein inhibition of a1A and a1B Ca channels expressed in oocytes. Here we determine the modulatory effect of the Ca channel b3 subunit on M2 muscarinic receptor-activated G-protein inhibition and whether the b3 subunit modulates the G-protein sensitivity of a1A and a1B currents equivalently. To compare th...

background: no consensus has been reached on prognostic value of serum concentration of β (beta) subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hcg) in treatment response to methotrexate in management of ectopic pregnancy. therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate this subject through a systematic review and meta-analysis. materials and methods: an extensive literature search on online databas...

brucellosis is a well-known infectious disease among domestic animals caused by brucella bacterium. omp25 is an outer membrane protein of brucella which plays an important role in immunogenicity of cells. moreover, brucella lumazine synthase (bls) as another main antigen can be used as an adjuvant when covalently attached to a foreign antigen. in the current study, designing and production of a...

Heterotrimeric G proteins, composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, are able to transduce signals from membrane receptors to a wide variety of intracellular effectors. In this role, G proteins effectively function as dimers since the signal is communicated either by the G alpha subunit or the stable G betagamma complex. When inactive, G alpha-GDP associates with G betagamma and the cytoplas...

Phosducin-like proteins are conserved regulatory components of G-protein signalling pathways, which mediate many physiological processes. Identified throughout eukaryotic genomes, they are thought to serve as regulators of G betagamma assembly. Cryphonectria parasitica, a plant pathogen and causative agent of chestnut blight, contains three G alpha, one G beta, one G gamma subunits and phosduci...

Receptor-regulated class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) phosphorylate the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)-4,5-P2 to PtdIns-3,4,5-P3. This, in turn, recruits and activates cytosolic effectors with PtdIns-3,4,5-P3-binding pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, thereby controlling important cellular functions such as proliferation, survival, or chemotaxis. The class IB p110 gamma/p101...

The R-subunit of the stimulatory G protein, Gs, has been shown to dissociate from the plasma membrane into the cytosol following activation by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) in some experimental systems. This dissociation may involve depalmitoylation of an amino-terminal cysteine residue. However, the functional significance of this dissociation is not known. To investigate the functional c...