Most large cities are spanned by more than one transportation system. These different modes of transport have usually been studied separately: it is however important to understand the impact on urban systems of coupling different modes and we report in this paper an empirical analysis of the coupling between the street network and the subway for the two large metropolitan areas of London and N...

−Several data-driven prediction methods based on multiple linear regression (MLR), neural network (NN), and recurrent neural network (RNN) for the indoor air quality in a subway station are developed and compared. The RNN model can predict the air pollutant concentrations at a platform of a subway station by adding the previous temporal information of the pollutants on yesterday to the model. T...

This paper describes a Hong Kong MTR Corporation subway project to enhance and extend the current Webbased Engineering Works and Traffic Information Management System (ETMS) with an intelligent “AI Engine.” The challenge is to be able to fully and accurately encapsulate all the necessary domain and operation knowledge on subway engineering works and to be able to apply this knowledge in an effi...

This paper discusses the dynamic of context through the use of a context-based formalism called contextual graphs that has been initially developed in the SART application for the development of a support system in incident solving on a subway line. First, we present the formalism of contextual graphs through its new implementation. Second, we discuss the dynamic of context in contextual graphs...

The vibration impact force from the long-term operation of a subway affects comfort residents living above superstructure and settlement deformation tunnel foundation. A method for evaluating dynamic responses superstructure–tunnel systems is important, especially because randomness force. coupling effect train-vibration excitation nonlinearity geotechnical properties that are subjected to acti...

Subway systems span most large cities, and railway networks most countries in the world. These networks are fundamental in the development of countries and their cities, and it is therefore crucial to understand their formation and evolution. However, if the topological properties of these networks are fairly well understood, how they relate to population and socio-economical properties remains...

Chemical agents have been used previously in wartime on numerous occasions, from World War I to the Gulf War. In 1994 and 1995, sarin nerve gas was used first in peacetime as a weapon of terrorism in Japan. The Tokyo subway sarin attack was the first large-scale disaster caused by nerve gas. A religious cult released sarin gas into subway commuter trains during morning rush hour. Twelve passeng...

The panoply of microorganisms and other species present in our environment influence human health and disease, especially in cities, but have not been profiled with metagenomics at a city-wide scale. We sequenced DNA from surfaces across the entire New York City (NYC) subway system, the Gowanus Canal, and public parks. Nearly half of the DNA (48%) does not match any known organism; identified o...