Improved understanding of the actions of antipsychotic compounds is critical for a better treatment of schizophrenia. Abnormal oscillatory activity has been found in schizophrenia and in rat models of the disease. N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) antagonists, used to model certain features of schizophrenia, increase the frequency and power of high-frequency oscillations (HFO, 130-180 H...

The present study was designed to compare the effects of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs on extracellular dopamine (DA) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the nucleus accumbens (NAC), using in vivo microdialysis with dual probe implantation in awake, freely moving rats. Amperozide (2 and 10 mg/kg), clozapine (5 and 20 mg/kg), and olanzapine (10 mg/kg), all of which are a...

Reinstatement of conditioned place preferences have been used to investigate physiological mechanisms mediating drug-seeking behavior in adolescent and adult rodents; however, it is still unclear how psychostimulant exposure during adolescence affects neuron communication and whether these changes would elicit enhanced drug-seeking behavior later in adulthood. The present study determined wheth...

INTRODUCTION Spreading depression (SD) is a propagating wave of depolarization followed by depression of the neuroglial activities and can modulate extracellular dopamine concentrations in the neocortex. It has been shown that the dopaminergic system plays a role in migraine. SD has been suggested as a critical phenomenon in the pathophysiology of migraine. The aim of this study was to investig...

Five 125I-labeled substituted benzamides, which are close structural analogues of (S)-sulpiride, eticlopride, and isoremoxipride, were evaluated for their selective in vivo uptake into dopamine D2 receptor rich tissue of the rat brain. "Iodopride" (KD 0.88 nM), an iodine substituted benzamide structurally related to sulpiride, displayed a maximal striatum: cerebellar uptake ratio of 7.6. Demons...

The effects of dopamine receptor agonists on urinary bladder function were evaluated in normal and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned parkinsonian cynomolgus monkeys to investigate the therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of urinary symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Under ketamine anesthesia, cystometrograms exhibited significant reduction in the volume threshold for t...

Modafinil is a well-tolerated medication for excessive sleepiness, attention-deficitdisorder, cocaine dependence and as an adjunct to antidepressants with low propensity forabuse. We investigated the modafinil action on identified dopaminergic and GABAergicneurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra (SN) of rat brain slices.Modafinil (20 μM) inhibited the fi...

The central cholinergic system has been associated with cognitive function and memory and acetylcholine plays an important role during the early stages of memory consolidation. In this study, mice were trained with one way active avoidance procedure. Different doses of arecoline and physostigmine, with and without scopolamine, were administrated at pre-training, post-training and retrieval phas...

The study examined the effect of some typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs on mouse lymphocyte metabolic and proliferative activity in vitro. The typical antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine (3 × 10 , 10 and 10 M), significantly inhibited H-thymidine incorporation into C57BL/6 mouse spleen cells stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Chlorprom...

Dopaminergic axons in the prefrontal cortex synapse with interneurons as well as pyramidal cells. Electrophysiological data suggest that dopamine depolarizes certain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing interneurons in the cortex. We investigated the dopaminergic regulation of extracellular GABA levels in the prefrontal cortex using in vivo microdialysis. Systemic administration of the mix...