OBJECTIVES This study attempted to provide a formula for calculation of the pulmonary/systemic flow ratio in children after bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis. BACKGROUND With the bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis, only the superior vena cava blood is oxygenated by the lungs. The inferior vena cava flow recirculates into the systemic circulation. The ratio of these flows will deter...

OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to report the surgical techniques and clinical outcome of thoracoscopic lobectomy with partial removal of the superior vena cava for lung carcinomas. METHODS Between January 2010 and November 2013, 1132 patients with lung cancer underwent radical surgery by thoracoscopy; 5 (0.4%) underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy with partial removal of the superio...

Total absence of superior vena cava (SVC) is a very rare anomaly, and the patient usually suffers from SVC syndrome or conduction disturbances. We report an asymptomatic 27 year-old male, with complete absence of SVC. Transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography demonstrated the absence of SVC and other congenital cardiac anomalies, but the presence of prominent collateral vessels tha...

Two major topics were covered in this chapter. The first was to explore a method of establishing a rabbit model of SVCS by injecting VX2 tumor cell suspension transcutaneously under ultrasound guidance, and to observe the radiotherapeutic effects by SVC Doppler flow changes. The establishment of this model would offer an experimental evidence for better diagnosis, treatment and follow-up observ...

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the mediastinum is a rare type of carcinoma. According to the literature, only five cases of this condition have been reported so far. In this paper, we present a rare case of mediastinal NEC of unknown primary site. The patient was a 34-year-old man with mediastinal NEC, who presented with chronic dry cough and a right-sided mediastinal mass one year p...

The single ventricle cardiac pathologies are commonly treated with total cavopulmonary anastomosis in the current era. The modality is usually performed in two stages and the bidirectional superior vena cava-pulmonary artery shunt constitutes the first stage; after a certain period, the inferior vena cava is connected to the anastomosis. However, especially in relatively older patients, single ...

Methods and findings: A 53 year old man with abdominal wall varicosis was reported with a thoracoabdominal aorta aneurysm and severe stenosis of celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery. There were multiple calcification and non-calcified plaques inside the wall of abdominal aorta and its branches, including arch of Riolan. A Budd-Chiari Syndrome was also reported. The intra-hepatic inferior...

A new modification of the Fontan operation for complex cardiac anomalies is described. The technique comprises superior vena cava-pulmonary artery anastomosis and inferior vena cava-pulmonary artery bridging via a composite conduit connected to the inferior vena cava via the right atrium, totally excluding the right heart. The procedure was applied to a patient with complex cardiac abnormalitie...

PATIENT Female, 50 FINAL DIAGNOSIS: Double superior vena cava Symptoms: - MEDICATION - Clinical Procedure: - Specialty: Nephrology. OBJECTIVE Anatomical anomaly/variation. BACKGROUND Superior vena cava anomalies are caused by variations in the development of the embryonic thoracic venous system. Duplication of the superior vena cava is a rare anomaly with an incidence in the general popul...