Circle of Willis (CoW) plays a significant role in maintaining the blood supply for the brain. Specifically, when the stenosis occurs in the internal carotid artery (ICA), abnormal structures of CoW would decrease the compensatory capacity, leading to the local insufficiency of cerebral blood supply. The present paper built a series of lumped parameter models for CoW, and simulated the blood re...

Increasing environmental concerns together with legislations are forcing industries to take a fresh look at the impact of their supply chain operations on the environment. This paper introduces a mixed-integer linear programming based framework for sustainable supply chain design that considers life cycle assessment (LCA) principles in addition to the traditional material balance constraints at...

We use data from the Health and Retirement Study to examine the role of work-life balance (WLB) as a nonmonetary determinant of retirement transitions, conditional on job attributes such as hours of work, compensation, and benefits. We show that low levels of WLB are significantly associated with subsequent reductions in labor supply for workers ages 51 to 79, and document heterogeneity by gend...

Transformation of the energy sector to efficiency and climate protection The increasing demand for energy services in conjunction with extensive climate protection targets requires significant changes within the European energy sector. Consequently, a continuous transition from conventional and fossil fuelled power generation to low-carbon or even carbonfree generation is expected in the power ...

In this paper three-phase isolated source and non-isolated source cascaded two level inverter (CTLI) topology is used for grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system. The CTLI is one of the widespread topology in multilevel inverter. In this work, both topology isolated source and non-isolated source CTLI system are operated to supply active power with available solar irradiance and to supply react...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is emerging as an attractive paradigm involving physical perceptions, cyber interactions, social correlations and even cognitive thinking through a cyber-physical-social-thinking hyperspace. In this context, energy management with the purposes of energy saving and high efficiency is a challenging issue. In this work, a taxonomy model is established in reference to t...

given the strategic remarkable rank of pistachio in non-oil exports, inputs’ management in its production is so important. as the scarcest input in agricultural sector, water is considered to be among the most important inputs of pistachio production.water inadequate supply and limate conditions increase water demand in pistachio growing areas. it is necessary to determine the real value or pri...

OBJECTIVES To provide a snapshot of the dermatology work force in Saudi Arabia. METHODS We collected data on the supply and distribution of dermatologists in Saudi Arabia. We discussed the current status of dermatology manpower issues in Saudi Arabia. RESULTS We found that between 1987 and 2007, the availability of dermatologists to population in Saudi Arabia rose by 60 %, from 2.35 to 3.76...

The concern about environmental impact of business activities has spurred an interest in designing environmentally conscious supply chains. This paper proposes a multi-objective fuzzy mathematical programming model for designing an environmental supply chain under inherent uncertainty of input data in such problem. The proposed model is able to consider the minimization of multiple environmenta...

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, statistics has completely revolutionized the manner in which scientific esearch is performed. Statistical techniques emerged based on the intrinsic random nature of the data and, equally imporant, on the scarce data availability. The techniques were both mathematically challenging and computationally intensive. hile the computation issue for various...