Weitkemper et al. (1) concisely stated the 2002 issues surrounding the use of tap water in heater-cooler devices (the U.S. Food and Drug Administration [FDA] is using “HCDs”) in the operating room environment. They shared their method to handle the challenge of removing bacteria from the tap water in their heater-coolers and heat exchangers. This classic JECT article is profound reading within ...

This review describes the two types of congenital cleft hand deformity, stressing the important ways in which they differ and summarises the surgical techniques that may be used in their t reatment . Introduction The two conditions are frequently grouped together under such titles as lobster-claw hand, ectrodactyly, oligodactyly and split hand. These terms are confusing, sometimes hurtful to pa...

The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and practices of hygiene rules for transvaginal ultrasound by sonographers practicing in Togo. Their knowledge of these rules is good. In practice, they mainly use condoms to protect the vaginal probe, which is sufficient to prevent horizontal transmission of infection. The shortcomings are at the level of hand hygiene; they do not routinely...

The clinical endodontic breakthrough was progressing from utilizing a long series of stainless steel (SS) hand files and several rotary Gates Glidden drills to integrating nickel titanium (NiTi) files for shaping canals. Regardless of the methods utilized, the mechanical objectives for canal preparation were brilliantly outlined almost 40 years ago by Dr. Herbert Schilder.1 When properly perfor...

BACKGROUND To investigate the presence of pathogenic microbes on chiropractic treatment tables in one outpatient teaching clinic. Additional aims were to test inexpensive disinfectants on tables that may kill microbes and suggest infection control measures for chiropractic offices, clinics and classrooms. The aim of the study was to assess the presence of pathogenic microbes on treatment tables...