Four reaction time experiments examined the mental rotation process using a psychological refractory period paradigm. On each trial, participants made speeded responses to both a tone (S1) and a rotated letter (S2), presented with varying stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). If mental rotation of the stimulus letter can proceed while central mechanisms are busy with S1, then the effect of orient...

We present a new methodology to derive faster composite operations of the form dP + Q, where d is a small integer ≥ 2, for generic ECC scalar multiplications over prime fields. In particular, we present an efficient Doubling-Addition (DA) operation that can be exploited to accelerate most scalar multiplication methods, including multiscalar variants. We also present a new precomputation scheme ...

INTRODUCTION The absolute distance between two surfaces is a parameter of interest in many applications. Examples include wavelength standards, etalons, gage block calibrations, the measurement of sphere diameters, etc. Many interferometric techniques exist for making such a measurement. Of these, the highest precision methods that do not involve modifications to the surfaces are based on the m...

The new laser calibration scheme of the ATLAS Tile calorimeter is presented with a focus on improvements of three critical aspects (optics, calibration, electronics). The resulting performance in terms of stability is also indicated.

In the second part of this two-part series on the state-of-the-art comparability of corrected emission spectra, we have extended this assessment to the broader community of fluorescence spectroscopists by involving 12 field laboratories that were randomly selected on the basis of their fluorescence measuring equipment. These laboratories performed a reference material (RM)-based fluorometer cal...

A recalibration of the luminosity–linewidth technique is discussed which introduces (i) new cluster calibration data, (ii) new corrections for reddening as a function of inclination, and (iii) a new zero-point calibration using 13 galaxies with distances determined via the cepheid period– luminosity method. It is found that H 0 = 82 ± 16 km s −1 Mpc −1 (95% confidence).

in this study, the process-based watershed model, soil and water assessment tool (swat), was used for simulating hydrology and sediment transport in the gharesou watershed and for identifying critical areas of soil erosion and water pollution. after model calibration and uncertainty analysis using sufi-2 (sequential uncertainty fitting, ver. 2) method, the outputs of the calibrated model were u...

The mountain range of western Sichuan Province of China runs roughly north to south defining the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, where high-resolution climate records are essential for understanding regional climatic phenomena. Unfortunately, instrumental records in this region are too short in duration to confidently gauge the long-term variability of climate change. This paper presented ...