Abstract Problems arising in many scientific disciplines are often modelled using edge-coloured directed graphs. These can be enormous the number of both vertices and colours. Given such a graph, original problem frequently translates to detection graph’s strongly connected components, which is challenging at this scale. We propose new, symbolic algorithm that computes all monochromatic compone...

Program slicing is a technique for simplifying programs by focusing on selected aspects of their behavior. Current mainstream static methods operate dependence graph PDG (program graph) or SDG (system graph), but these friendly representations may be bit expensive some users. In this paper we attempt to study light-weight approach program slicing, called Symbolic Slicing (SymPas), which works a...

ambiguity and obscurity are frequently used to indicate a similar meaning yet there are real differences between them. the ambiguity is an affirmative concept in arabic poetry, and the critics consider it as an artistic standard in best literary samples. whereas, obscurity is a negative concept which results to the lack of text's values of skillfulness. this article deals with an explanation of...

ghassan kanafani (1936-1972) is one of the most famous palestine romancers who has created different personality types in four romances of “men in the sun” ,” all that's left to you” ,” returning to haifa” , “umme sa'd”. symbolic personality is one of the most important personality types that he has given more attention to, whether feminine or masculine, they have been used abundantly...

We examined relations between symbolic and non-symbolic numerical magnitude representations, between whole number and fraction representations, and between these representations and overall mathematics achievement in fifth graders. Fraction and whole number symbolic and non-symbolic numerical magnitude understandings were measured using both magnitude comparison and number line estimation tasks...