نتایج جستجو برای: symmetry index s
تعداد نتایج: 1155683 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
We study symmetries in multi-transverse-mode near-fields of circular vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). The 0◦ polarized component of the near-field always has circular or high-order rotational symmetry, indicating that all significant optical properties of the laser are isotropic for light of that polarization. In contrast, the simultaneously present 90◦ polarized part of the sa...
We present new computations of “intrinsic” symmetry groups for knots and links of 8 or fewer crossings. The standard symmetry group for a link is the mapping class group MCG(S, L) or Sym(L) of the pair (S, L). Elements in this symmetry group can (and often do) fix the link and act nontrivially only on its complement. We ignore such elements and focus on the “intrinsic” symmetry group of a link,...
Standard hand and foot roentgenograms from 200 consecutively hospitalised patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were read for marginal erosions by three independent observers. For each joint or group of joints analysed the degree of symmetry (S = absolute symmetry, U = unilateral, PS = partial symmetry) was determined. The total number of joints affected significantly co...
Introducing an effective refraction index of an isotropic cosmic medium, we investigate the cosmological fluid dynamics which is consistent with a conformal, timelike symmetry of a corresponding “optical” metric. We demonstrate that this kind of symmetry is compatible with the existence of a negative viscous pressure and, consequently, with cosmological entropy production. We establish an exact...
We demonstrate that leaky modes can be observed in asymmetrical photonic crystal slabs on low-index and high-index substrates. The reflective spectra are studied using the scattering-matrix method, and bands of the leaky modes are obtained via the surface-coupling technique. Caused by the lack of the vertical translational symmetry, the transverse electric (TE)-polarized incidence is reflected ...
Duality between the ‘axion’ field a and the antisymmetric tensor field Bμν is traced after a nonperturbative effect, gaugino condensation, breaks the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry a → a + c. Even though the PQ symmetry was at its origin, duality is nevertheless not broken by this effect. Below condensation scale, the axion simply gets a mass, but in the ‘stringy’ version, the Bμν field disappears ...
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