نتایج جستجو برای: synaptic terminal

تعداد نتایج: 207353  

Journal: :The Journal of biological chemistry 2008
Jindong Xu Manjula Weerapura Mohammad K Ali Michael F Jackson Hongbin Li Gang Lei Sheng Xue Chun L Kwan Morris F Manolson Kai Yang John F Macdonald Xian-Min Yu

The induction of long-term potentiation at CA3-CA1 synapses is caused by an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptordependent accumulation of intracellular Ca(2+), followed by Src family kinase activation and a positive feedback enhancement of NMDA receptors (NMDARs). Nevertheless, the amplitude of baseline transmission remains remarkably constant even though low frequency stimulation is also assoc...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2012
Qun-Fang Wan Everett Nixon Ruth Heidelberger

Ca(2+) signaling in synaptic terminals plays a critical role in neurotransmitter release and short-term synaptic plasticity. In the present study, we examined the role of synaptic Ca(2+) handling mechanisms in the synaptic terminals of mammalian rod bipolar cells, neurons that play a pivotal role in the high-sensitivity vision pathway. We found that mitochondria sequester Ca(2+) under condition...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997
A M Magariños J M Verdugo B S McEwen

Repeated psychosocial or restraint stress causes atrophy of apical dendrites in CA3 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus, accompanied by specific cognitive deficits in spatial learning and memory. Excitatory amino acids mediate this atrophy together with adrenal steroids and the neurotransmitter serotonin. Because the mossy fibers from dentate granule neurons provide a major excitatory input to...

2017
Jake F Watson Hinze Ho Ingo H Greger

AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission and are selectively recruited during activity-dependent plasticity to increase synaptic strength. A prerequisite for faithful signal transmission is the positioning and clustering of AMPARs at postsynaptic sites. The mechanisms underlying this positioning have largely been ascribed to the receptor cytoplasmic C-ter...

Journal: :Cell 2003
Yuan Chen Lunbin Deng Yuka Maeno-Hikichi Meizan Lai Shaohua Chang Gong Chen Ji-fang Zhang

A tight balance between synaptic vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis is fundamental to maintaining synaptic structure and function. Calcium influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels is crucial in regulating synaptic vesicle exocytosis. However, much less is known about how Ca2+ regulates vesicle endocytosis or how the endocytic machinery becomes enriched at the nerve terminal. We report here a ...

Journal: :Cellular logistics 2011
Pascal S Kaeser

In a presynaptic nerve terminal, neurotransmitter release is largely restricted to specialized sites called active zones. Active zones consist of a complex protein network, and they organize fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane in response to action potentials. Rab3-interacting molecules (RIMs) are central components of active zones. In a recent series of experiments...

2015
Yu-Fen Wang Yen-Chuan Lin I-Ting Wang Tzu-Ping Lin Tuo-Hung Hou

A two-terminal analog synaptic device that precisely emulates biological synaptic features is expected to be a critical component for future hardware-based neuromorphic computing. Typical synaptic devices based on filamentary resistive switching face severe limitations on the implementation of concurrent inhibitory and excitatory synapses with low conductance and state fluctuation. For overcomi...

Journal: :Journal of neurochemistry 2008
Valerie Bracchi-Ricard Roberta Brambilla Jonathan Levenson Wen-Hui Hu Annmarie Bramwell J David Sweatt Edward J Green John R Bethea

Astrocytes play a pivotal role in regulating synaptic plasticity and synapse formation. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) family of transcription factors has recently been demonstrated to be an important modulator of synaptic plasticity and learning/memory. In this study, we investigated the role of astroglial NF-kappaB in synaptic plasticity and learning/memory using transgenic mice over-...

Journal: :The Journal of Cell Biology 2007
Florence Besse Sara Mertel Robert J. Kittel Carolin Wichmann Tobias M. Rasse Stephan J. Sigrist Anne Ephrussi

Synapses can undergo rapid changes in size as well as in their vesicle release function during both plasticity processes and development. This fundamental property of neuronal cells requires the coordinated rearrangement of synaptic membranes and their associated cytoskeleton, yet remarkably little is known of how this coupling is achieved. In a GFP exon-trap screen, we identified Drosophila me...

2013
Ying Yang Nicole Calakos

Long-term synaptic plasticity is a major cellular substrate for learning, memory, and behavioral adaptation. Although early examples of long-term synaptic plasticity described a mechanism by which postsynaptic signal transduction was potentiated, it is now apparent that there is a vast array of mechanisms for long-term synaptic plasticity that involve modifications to either or both the presyna...

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