Fistulae between the renal and gastrointestinal (GI) systems are rare, constituting less than one percent of all fistulous connections between the urinary and intestinal tracts.1 We present a patient with a two-month history of flank pain and fevers who was found on imaging to have a right renal calculus and emphysematous pyelonephritis associated with a renoduodenal fistula. We also present a ...

The autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) are a clinically, pathologically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders caused by degeneration of cerebellum and its afferent and efferent connections. The degenerative process may additionally involves the pontomedullar systems, pyramidal tracts, basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, peripheral nerves (ADCA I) and the retin...

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance for white matter (WM) tract segmentation based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). These CNNs require a large number of manual delineations the WM tracts interest training, which are generally labor-intensive and costly. The expensive delineation can be particular disadvantage when novel tracts, i.e., th...

Temporal lobe epilepsy patients with unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis (TLE + uMTS) have been demonstrated to have extensive white matter abnormalities both ipsilateral and contralateral to the seizure onset zone. However, comparatively less is known about the white matter integrity of TLE patients without MTS (non-lesional TLE, nl-TLE). The purpose of the study was to investigate the diffus...

We present a geometric framework for aligning white matter fiber tracts. By registering tracts between brains, one expects to see overlap of anatomical structures that often provide meaningful comparisons across subjects. However, the geometry is highly heterogeneous, and finding direct tract-correspondence multiple individuals remains challenging problem. novel deformation metric allows compar...

The Stria Medullaris (SM) is a white-matter tract that contains afferent fibres connect the cognitive-emotional areas in forebrain to Habenula (Hb). Hb plays an important role behavioral responses reward, stress, anxiety, pain, and sleep through its action on neuromodulator systems. Fasciculus Retroflexus (FR) forms primary output of midbrain. SM, Hb, FR are part special pathway between midbrai...

The locations of crossover junctions and gene conversion tracts, isolated in the rosy gene of Drosophila melanogaster, were determined using DNA sequencing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Frequent DNA sequence polymorphisms between the parental genes served as unselected genetic markers. All conversion tracts were continuous, and half of the reciprocal crossover events had conversi...

We sought to use diffusion-tensor imaging-based tractography to assess the relationship between the arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and the sensorimotor cortices/tracts. Three patients who had an AVM closely situated to the sensorimotor tracts were studied. The relationship between the sensorimotor tracts and the AVM was well demonstrated in all patients. Tractography was also helpful in iden...

The purpose of this study was to elucidate which white matter (WM)-tracts are visualized on heavily T2-weighted three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (hT2w-3D-FLAIR) images. Records of seven patients who underwent hT2w-3D-FLAIR and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the head at 3 Tesla were analyzed. Two neuroradiologists determined WM-tracts visualized on hT2w-3D-FLAIR and ident...

An array of cortical and subcortical structures have been implicated in the recognition of emotion from facial expressions. It remains unknown how these regions communicate as parts of a system to achieve recognition, but white matter tracts are likely critical to this process. We hypothesized that (1) damage to white matter tracts would be associated with recognition impairment and (2) the deg...