Tensile stress develops in concrete when shrinkage deformations and restraints (internal or external) exist. Utilization of appropriate creep or relaxation functions is crucial for assessing stress and the associated cracking potential in concrete, especially at early ages when chemical and physical properties change rapidly. The existing models, developed either from compressive creep tests or...

Text-based passwords continue to be the prime form of authentication to computer systems. Today, they are increasingly created and used with mobile text entry methods, such as touchscreens and mobile keyboards, in addition to traditional physical keyboards. This raises a foundational question for usable security: whether text entry methods affect password generation and password security. This ...

Brønsted acid sites in zeolites catalyze alkene hydrogenation with H2 via the same kinetically-relevant (C-H-H) + carboniumion-like transition states as those involved in monomolecular alkane dehydrogenation. Reactions between C3H6 and H2 selectively form C3H8 (>80% carbon basis) at high H2/C3H6 ratios (>2500) and temperatures (>700 K). Ratios of C3H8 dehydrogenation to C3H6 hydrogenation rate ...

We conducted an exploratory investigation in an area where nut-cracking by wild capuchin monkeys is common knowledge among local residents. In addition to observing male and female capuchin monkeys using stones to pound open nuts on stone "anvils," we surveyed the surrounding area and found physical evidence that monkeys cracked nuts on rock outcrops, boulders, and logs (collectively termed anv...

driven erosion could govern tectonic deformation has instigated a decade of geodynamic models and geological studies 5 that explore potential climate–tectonic feedbacks. According to this idea, erosion of mass from Earth’s surface may determine where tectonic deformation is most rapid. Consequently, heavy precipitation, rapid erosion and active faulting are predicted to be spatially correlated ...

Query performance strongly depends on finding an execution plan that touches as few superfluous tuples as possible. The access structures deployed for this purpose, however, are non-discriminative. They assume every subset of the domain being indexed is equally important, and their structures cause a high maintenance overhead during updates. This approach often fails in decision support or scie...

dom’ reached anthesis most rapidly, while plants of ‘Mathilde Gütges’ and ‘Merritt’s Supreme’ were the slowest to f-lower. Table 2 represents days to anthesis and not days to salable color. In general, plants were salable, based on sepal color, ≈10 days before anthesis, so subtracting 10 days from data in Table 2 gives forcing times (from start to sale) for these cultivars when a 62F (17C) mini...