The Goshen Swamp, a fourth order blackwater creek in southeastern North Carolina, was clearcut of 130 acres of riparian and seasonally flooded forest in late May through September 1998. Downstream water quality had been monitored monthly for 212 years before the clearcut, during the clearcut, and for two years following the clearcut. The objective of this paper was to test the hypothesis that c...

each stream ecosystem may be impacted by land use and intensified human expansion. According to the fall macrobenthic results, nearly all sites saw an increase in %EPT, except for Massaponax 208 and Ni Route 1. Even though both Massaponax Creek and the Ni River are under EPA legal limits for phosphate and nitrate concentrations, the phosphate levels usually rose in summer on the Massaponax and ...

Glacial deposits in the southwestern Ahklun Mountains, southwestern Alaska, record two major glacier advances during the late Pleistocene. The Arolik Lake and Klak Creek glaciations took place during the early and late Wisconsin, respectively. During the Arolik Lake glaciation, outlet glaciers emanated from an ice cap centered over the central portion of the Ahklun Mountains and expanded beyond...

In this paper, we integrate goal programming (GP), Taylor Series, Kuhn-Tucker conditions and Penalty Function approaches to solve linear fractional bi-level programming (LFBLP)problems. As we know, the Taylor Series is having the property of transforming fractional functions to a polynomial. In the present article by Taylor Series we obtain polynomial objective functions which are equivalent...