Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document describes a method for encapsulating structured (NxDS0) Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) signals as pseudowires over packet-switching networks (PSNs). In this regard, it complements similar work for str...

This paper examines the relative importance of wavelength conversion and time-slot interchange in improving the performance of multiwavelength time-division mul-tiplexed networks. It is shown that, in networks with a small number of wavelengths, each carrying a large number of time-division multiplexed channels, signiicant performance improvements are achieved by the introduction of time-slot i...

Long-Reach Passive Optical Network (LR-PON) using hybrid TDM/WDM techniques is one of the candidates for the future optical access that can solve the expected increase in terms of traffic demand and area coverage. One of its advantages is the possibility to share the capacity of any wavelength among more than one user, through TDM/WDM hybrid multiplexing. However, it is still an open issue whic...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection remains a global health crisis. Recent genetic evidence implicates specific cell envelope lipids in Mtb pathogenesis, but it is unclear whether these cell envelope compounds affect pathogenesis through a structural role in the cell wall or as pathogenesis effectors that interact directly with host cells. Here we show that cyclopropane modification of t...

In the present investigation was carried out to find out the impact of Triadimefon(TDM) and hexaconazole (HEX) triazole fungicides on the leaf anatomy of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) The plant was treated with one litre of aqueous solution containing 20 mg -1 triadimefon (TDM) and 20mg -1 hexaconazole (HEX) on 23,35 and 53, days after sowing (DAS) by soil drenching. The plants were harvested on...

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) must be employed in multi-GSa/s transceivers in order to overcome onchip clock frequency limitations. This paper describes a transmit pre-emphasis filter for a multi-level transceiver making use of TDM. The possible applications of such a transceiver include serial links and chip-to-chip communication. The requirement of very low probability of error in the abse...

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a multidisciplinary activity. Because laboratory reports are part of the patient's chart, some clinical information is required. In order to guarantee quality and safety, an increasing number of TDM departments have implemented a quality management system. The aim of the present article is to review the three phases of TDM: the pre-analytical, analytical and...

In a hardware emulator consisting of multiple fieldprogrammable gate arrays (FPGA’s), the utilization of the FPGA logic resource is usually very low due to the limitation on the number of I/O pins. Virtual wire technology not only increases the inter-FPGA communication capability, but it also increases the logic resource utilization by means of time division multiplexing (TDM). TDM allows one p...

BACKGROUND Vaccines that activate strong specific Th1-predominant immune responses are critically needed for many intracellular pathogens, including Leishmania. The requirement for sustained and efficient vaccination against leishmaniasis is to formulate the best combination of immunopotentiating adjuvant with the stable antigen (Ag) delivery system. The aim of the present study is to evaluate ...

Owing to the extent of multimedia data transmission, the demand for large-capacity communication systems has increased drastically. In order to meet this demand, highspeed time-division multiplex (TDM) systems have been developed thus far [1]–[3]. Several component ICs using various high-speed devices such as HBTs based on SiGe [1] and compound semiconductor devices [2] have been studied for po...