In this study, two genotypes from the white clover breeding line ‘Syrian selection’, which demonstrates improved survival in summer drought, and two from the white clover cultivar ‘Grasslands Kopu’, a more drought-sensitive cultivar, are compared in terms of their responses to a water deficit. Plants of each genotype were grown in a temperature-controlled glasshouse and a water deficit imposed ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine whether speech recognition scores (SRS) differ between adults with long-term auditory deprivation in the implanted ear and adults who received cochlear implant (CI) in the nonsound-deprived ear, either for hearing aid-assisted or due to rapidly deteriorating hearing loss. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS Speech recognition scores at evaluations (3...

BACKGROUND The Department of Health is encouraging health authorities to improve health status by tackling health inequalities. We defined ward level spatial health variations in Trent National Health Service Region, England, investigated urban and rural inequalities, and examined the relationship with deprivation, to identify the extent of small area health inequalities and to establish whethe...

BACKGROUND Despite a concerted policy effort in Europe, social inequalities in health are a persistent problem. Developing a standardised measure of socioeconomic level across Europe will improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and causes of inequalities. This will facilitate developing, implementing and assessing new and more effective policies, and will improve the comparabilit...

3 monkeys impaired on delayed response and delayed alternation after midlateral frontal lesions, 3 monkeys unimpaired on these tasks after control lesions, and 3 unoperated monkeys were tested on spatial delayed response (with direct baiting) and spatial delayed alternation following 2, 26, and 50 hr. of food deprivation. Increased deprivation improved delayed response performance by all groups...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep is crucial to memory consolidation in humans and other animals; however, the effect of insufficient sleep on subsequent learning and memory remains largely elusive. DESIGN Learning and memory after 1-day sleep deprivation (slpD) was evaluated using Pavlovian olfactory conditioning in Drosophila, and locomotor activity was measured using the Drosophila Activity Monitorin...

Neuroimaging studies have shown that the perception of auditory stimuli involves occipital cortical regions traditionally associated with visual processing, even in the absence of any overt visual component to the task. Analogous behavioral evidence of an interaction between visual and auditory processing during purely auditory tasks comes from studies of short-term visual deprivation on the pe...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous findings of the association between socioeconomic deprivation and functional impairment after stroke are inconsistent. There is a lack of data on long-term association. We assessed the association and differences by age, sex, prestroke comorbidities, and stroke phenotypes. METHODS We examined data from the South London Stroke Register cohort of 1995 to 2011, re...

BACKGROUND Patient 'enablement' is a term closely aligned with 'empowerment' and its measurement in a general practice consultation has been operationalised in the widely used patient enablement instrument (PEI), a patient-rated measure of consultation outcome. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the factors that influence enablement, particularly the effect of socio-economic deprivat...

The unique capability of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) to export mono-, di-, and triglutamates of folates should limit cellular proliferation under conditions of folate deprivation, particularly upon BCRP overexpression. Here, we explored the mode of adaptation of BCRP-overexpressing cells to short-term folate deprivation. MCF-7/MR cells grown in high folate medium (2.3 muM foli...