Overexpression of mutated human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP717V-->F) under control of platelet-derived growth factor promoter (PDAPP minigene) in transgenic (tg) mice results in neurodegenerative changes similar to Alzheimer's disease (AD). To clarify the pathology of these mice, we studied images derived from laser scanning confocal and electron microscopy and performed comparisons between...

This study of 12 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia compares the mechanisms of triglyceride (TG) lowering by caloric restriction and by clofibrate. Turnover rates of very low density lipoprotein triglycerides (VLDL-TG) were determined by using 3H-glycerol as a precursor. Radioactivity-time curves of VLDL-TG were analyzed with a multicompartmental model. Hypertriglyceridemia in ...

OBJECTIVE Excess visceral fat accumulation is associated with the metabolic disturbances of obesity. Differential lipid redistribution through lipoproteins may affect body fat distribution. This is the first study to investigate VLDL-triglyceride (VLDL-TG) storage in visceral fat. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Nine upper-body obese (UBO; waist circumference >88 cm) and six lean (waist circumfer...

Soil nitrogen (N) budgets are used in a global, distributed flow-path model with 0.5° × 0.5° resolution, representing denitrification and N2O emissions from soils, groundwater and riparian zones for the period 1900-2000 and scenarios for the period 2000-2050 based on the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Total agricultural and natural N inputs from N fertilizers, animal manure, biological N2 fix...

To investigate the role of human liver-type fatty acid binding protein (hL-FABP) in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced renal injury, Ang II was infused systemically into hL-FABP chromosomal transgenic (Tg) and wild-type (WT) mice (Tg-Ang II and WT-Ang II) for 28 days. Control mice were injected with saline only (Tg-control and WT-control). hL-FABP was expressed in proximal tubules of Tg mice. After a...

PURPOSE The purine antimetabolite, 6-thioguanine (6-TG), is an effective drug in the management of acute leukemias. In this study, we analyze the mechanisms of apoptosis associated with 6-TG treatment and casein kinase 2 (CK2 or CKII) in human tumor cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Small interfering RNA and chemical CK2 inhibitors were used to reduce CK2 activity. Control and CK2 activity-reduced c...

The 5R thymine glycol (5R-Tg) DNA lesion exists as a mixture of cis-(5R,6S) and trans-(5R,6R) epimers; these modulate base excision repair. We examine the 7:3 cis-(5R,6S):trans-(5R,6R) mixture of epimers paired opposite adenine in the 5'-GTgG-3' sequence with regard to nucleotide excision repair. Human XPA recognizes the lesion comparably to the C8-dG acetylaminoflourene (AAF) adduct, whereas X...

Thyroglobulin (Tg) is the macromolecular precursor of thyroid hormones and is thought to be uniquely expressed by thyroid epithelial cells. Tg and the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) are targets for autoantibody generation in the autoimmune disorder Graves disease (GD). Fully expressed GD is characterized by thyroid overactivity and orbital tissue inflammation and remodeling. This p...

We evaluated the influence of chronic hypertriglyceridemia and endothelial dysfunction on myocardial glucose uptake (MGU) in Type 2 diabetic patients without coronary heart disease. Patients were divided into two groups according to fasting triglyceride (TG) levels: 5.4 +/- 1.1 and 1.5 +/- 0.3 mmol/l for high- and normal-TG groups, respectively. Five subjects were assigned to the high-TG group ...

BACKGROUND Hypertriglyceridemia is the third most common cause of acute pancreatitis, but whether the level of triglyceride (TG) is related to severity of pancreatitis is unclear. AIM To evaluate the effect of TG level on the severity of hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS We reviewed the records of 144 patients with HTGP from 1999 to 2013 ...