contemporary poets and writers use from their past legacy and their work influenced by the relationship to the bad or good works of the past writers whom they revealed strength and weakness of the past societies. najib mahfouz used past legacy in his work by “thartharafawq al-nil (“chatter on the nile”) and animate and quicken his novel with this skill. he used kinds of past legacies such as hi...

this article tries to compare two contiguous concepts inzoroaster’s gāthas, “spэništa mainyu”- “spэnta mainyu”, withtwo others in ibn arabi’s mystical system, “al-fayḍ al-aqdas”-“al-fayḍ al-muqaddas”. by this comparison, we are in quest ofarraying an explanation of two basic concepts of the gāthaswithin the theories of a major figure of islamic mysticism ratherthan corresponding these two to th...

We present new spectroscopic observations of 13 H II regions in the Local Group spiral galaxy M33. The regions observed range from 1 to 7 kpc in distance from the nucleus. Of the 13 H II regions observed, the [O III] λ4363 line was detected in six regions. Visiting Astronomer, Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatories, which is operated by the Association of Unive...

The year 2006 has seen renewed interest in the mathematics of Aryabhata (473c.550), the great mathematician-astronomer of Classical India, for potential applications to cryptography. Rao and Yang [1] recently published an analysis of the Aryabhata algorithms for finding of multiplicative inverse of a group modulo a prime as well as the solution to multiple congruences. The RSA 2006 Conference h...

Ca II triplet spectroscopy has been used to derive stellar metallicities for individual stars in four LMC fields situated at galactocentric distances of 3, 5, 6 Visiting Astronomer, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. CTIO is operated by AURA, Inc. under contract to the National Science Foundation. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation op...

We present analysis of Hubble Space Telescope images of 82 nearby field late-M and L dwarfs. We resolve 13 of these systems into double M/L dwarf systems and identify Visiting Astronomer, Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatories, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the Nation...

comparing the islamic logic and jurisprudential principles, and basedon the separation between minor and major authorities (hujjiyyatsughrawi wa kubrawi), it can be proved that (1) minor authority ofsuitable verbal text per nexum (al-mantuq al-muwafiq al-iltizami),minor authority of suitable concept per nexum (al-mafhum al-muwafiqal-iltizami), and minor authority of contrary concept (al-mafhum ...

although iran has a deep history about 10000 years, its role in development of science in general and medicine in particular is yet to be known. there are several factors responsible for this, namely the destruction of a good number of ancient persian manuscripts and books. furthermore, lack of interest found among contemporary researchers seems to add to this anonymity. one way to compensate f...