We review the role of ocean-atmosphere interactions over the Atlantic sector in North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability. The emphasis is on physical mechanisms, which are illustrated in simple models and analyzed in observations and numerical models. Some directions of research are proposed to better assess the relevance of Atlantic air-sea interactions to observed and simulated NAO variab...

Evidence is presented that North Atlantic climate change since 1950 is linked to a progressive warming of tropical sea surface temperatures, especially over the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The ocean changes alter the pattern and magnitude of tropical rainfall and atmospheric heating, the atmospheric response to which includes the spatial structure of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The slo...

This article investigates the synoptic characteristics of individual North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) events by examining the daily evolution of the potential temperature field on the nominal tropopause (the 2-PVU surface). This quantity is obtained from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) reanalysis dataset for the winter seaso...

It is well known that hunting dramatically reduced all baleen whale populations, yet reliable estimates of former whale abundances are elusive. Based on coalescent models for mitochondrial DNA sequence variation, the genetic diversity of North Atlantic whales suggests population sizes of approximately 240,000 humpback, 360,000 fin, and 265,000 minke whales. Estimates for fin and humpback whales...

Citation: Clarke JS, Humphreys MP, Tynan E, Kitidis V, Brown I, Mowlem M and Achterberg EP (2017) Characterization of a Time-Domain Dual Lifetime Referencing pCO2 Optode and Deployment as a High-Resolution Underway Sensor across the High Latitude North Atlantic Ocean. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:396. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00396 Characterization of a Time-Domain Dual Lifetime Referencing pCO2 Optode an...

Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO2 fluxes S. Raynaud, O. Aumont, K. B. Rodgers, P. Yiou, and J. C. Orr Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France Laboratoire d’Océanographie Dynamique et de Climatologie, Paris, France Received: 11 July 2005 – Accepted: 8 August 2005 – Published: 30 August 2005 Correspondence to: S. Raynaud...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract We investigate the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface height (SSH) in the North Atlantic basin using altimeter data from October 1992–January 2004. Our primary aim is to provide a fuller description of such...

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is one of the most prominent and recurrent patterns of atmospheric circulation variability. It dictates climate variability from the eastern seaboard of the United States to Siberia and from the Arctic to the subtropical Atlantic, especially during boreal winter, so variations in the NAO are important to society and for the environment. Understanding the pro...

There is a North Atlantic divide, with cementless femoral stems being used more frequently in the USA and cemented stems being used more frequently in many countries in Europe. This is primarily because different cemented stems have been used on different sides of the Atlantic and the results of the cemented stems in the US have often been poor, whereas the results of the stems used in Europe h...