BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of contact heat thermal stimulation in horses at different body sites and under different environmental conditions and different test situations. Five warm-blood horses were equipped with the thermal probe located on the skin of nostril (N), withers (W) or coronary band (C). Skin temperature and reaction temperature (thermal thresh...

Context. X-ray observations of evolved supernova remnants (e.g. the Cygnus loop and the Vela SNRs) reveal emission originating from the interaction of shock waves with small interstellar gas clouds. Aims. We study and discuss the time-dependent X-ray emission predicted by hydrodynamic modeling of the interaction of a SNR shock wave with an interstellar gas cloud. The scope includes: 1) to study...

Context. X-ray observations of evolved supernova remnants (e.g. the Cygnus loop and the Vela SNRs) reveal emission originating from the interaction of shock waves with small interstellar gas clouds. Aims. We study and discuss the time-dependent X-ray emission predicted by hydrodynamic modeling of the interaction of a SNR shock wave with an interstellar gas cloud. The scope includes: 1) to study...

An error probability analysis is performed for a noncoherent M-ary orthogonal frequency-shift keying (MFSK) communication system employing fast frequency-hopped (FFH) spread spectrum. The signal is assumed to be transmitted through a frequency-nonselective, slowly fading channel with partialband interference. The partial-band interference is modeled as a Gaussian process. The noise-normalized r...

We present first-principles calculations of the electronic structure of BiVO4 at various levels of theory. In the calculations, we take into account a series of effects that affect the band gap, i.e., spin-orbit coupling, electron-hole interaction, nuclear quantum motions, and thermal vibrations. All these effects lead to a significant renormalization of the band gap. After including the releva...

The organic-inorganic hybrid lead trihalide perovskites have been emerging as the most attractive photovoltaic materials. As regulated by Shockley-Queisser theory, a formidable materials science challenge for improvement to the next level requires further band-gap narrowing for broader absorption in solar spectrum, while retaining or even synergistically prolonging the carrier lifetime, a criti...

Using Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS), we have investigated the properties of the DX center in GaAsP for the whole range of alloy composition x. We have determined the variation of the defect characteristics (thermal ionization energy Ei, barrier for electron capture B, and energy level location EDX) versus x. From the relationship that exists between Ei, B and EDX, and between B and D...

Intensely yellow β -bismuth trioxide in the form of about 41 nm large crystallites has been prepared by thermal decomposition of (BiO)2CO3 at 400 ◦C. From the band gap energy of 2.3 eV obtained under the assumption of an indirect band-to-band transition and the quasi-Fermi level of −0.28± 0.02 V (vs. NHE) a valence band edge position of 2.02 V is calculated. This semiconducting oxide assists a ...

The postfunctionalization of the main chain alkyne moieties of carbazole containing poly(arylenebutadiynylene)s was attempted by using a high yielding addition reaction between electron rich alkynes and a strong acceptor molecule, tetracyanoethylene (TCNE). After successful postfunctionalization, the polymer band gap decreased due to the intramolecular donor-acceptor interactions. The resulting...

It has been well-established that single layer MX2 (M = Mo, W and X = S, Se) are direct gap semiconductors with band edges coinciding at the K point in contrast to their indirect gap multilayer counterparts. In few-layer MX2, there are two valleys along the Γ-K line with similar energy. There is little understanding on which of the two valleys forms the conduction band minimum (CBM) in this thi...