testing plays a vital role in any language teaching program. it allows teachers and stakeholders, including program administrators, parents, admissions officers and prospective employers to be assured that the learners are progressing according to an accepted standard (douglas, 2010). the problems currently facing language testers have both practical and theoretical implications but the first i...

the treatment of in completely formed pulpless teeth has presented considrable problems. these teeth have wide open apexes and the walls of the root canal diverge toward the apical tissues. mechanical preparation cannot be done in the normal manner beacause of the large initial size and the taper of apical part of the canal , a mechanical stop cannot be produced at the apex of the canal and , t...

abstract: the present study was undertaken to investigate whether 1) there is any significant correlation between iranian efl/eap learners’ l2 writing proficiency and their willingness to communicate, 2) there is any significant difference between efl and eap learners in terms of willingness to communicate, 3) there is any significant difference in wtc of iranian efl/eap learners with 1- nati...

the present research has been deducted from a provincial research project which aims at determining the relationship of variables of variables of occupational self-concept, intelligence beliefs and metacognitive with entrepreneurship among the students of payame noor university of kurdistan. the volume of the samples was 1080 students (576 female and 504 male students). the research methodology...

1. to determine whether difference in birth body mass influenced growth performance in pipistrellus kuhlii we studied a total of 12 captive-born neonates. bats were assigned to two body mass groups: light birth body mass (lbw: 0.89 ± 0.05, n=8) and heavy birth body mass (hbw: 1.35 ± 0.08, n=4). heavier body mass at birth was associated with rapid postnatal growth (body mass and forearm length) ...

in solvo-hydrothermal method, xrd pattern was indicated presence of intermediate of ammonium octatmolybdate and ammonium tetramolybdate, which were changed to stble phase of ?-moo3 annealing. sem images were indicated nanoparticle with semispheical morphology and tem image was demonstrated nanoparticles with a diameter size of 25nm. also in impregnate method. the xrd pattern was shown high crys...

abstract i the purpose of this study was to launch a thorough investigation concerning the possibility of differing orientations to the writing proficiency construct by native and non-native english speaking teacher raters. it mainly revolved around the international english language testing system (ielts) that is widely administered and employed as a measure of general proficiency in englis...