Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea (CDAD) is a unique hospital infection that occurs almost entirely in patients who have received previous antimicrobial treatment. Although not conclusively proven, the normal gastrointestinal flora is presumably disrupted by antimicrobials, which, in turn, enables ingested spores of toxigenic C. difficile to colonize the colon, produce toxins, and cause...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The indiscriminate use of third generation cephalosporin has contributed to the emergence and widespread dissemination of extended spectrum β lactamases (ESBL) genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study was undertaken to elaborate the genetic behaviour of ESBL - producing K. pneumoniae isolates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary care hospital in nor...

The use of extended-spectrum cephalosporins in food animals has been suggested to increase the risk of spread of Enterobacteriaceae carrying extended-spectrum β-lactamases to humans. However, evidence that selection of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant bacteria owing to the actual veterinary use of these drugs according to criteria established in cattle has not been demonstrated. In thi...

Typhoid is endemic in developing countries. We report here the first draft genome sequence of a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi clinical isolate from Pakistan exhibiting resistance to cefepime (a fourth-generation cephalosporin) and fluoroquinolone antibiotics, two of the last-generation therapies against this pathogen. The genome is ~4.8 Mb, with two putative plasmids.

cefixime is essential member of orally energetic third generation cephalosporin and has tremendous activity aligned with many pathogens. the virtual bioavailability of a newly industrial dispersible tablet as compared with a recognized identified formulation. a simple and available reversed-phase hplc method with uv detection has been urbanized and validate for cefixime evaluate in human plasma ...

urinary tract infection (uti) is a neonatal life threatening infection which is usually treated with ampicillin plus an aminoglycoside or a third-generation cephalosporin. recently, growing number of escherchia coli species resistant to ampicillin and aminoglycosides have raised concerns regarding the necessity to change the empirical therapy. this motivates us to determine neonatal uti clinica...

Background: This study aims to better understand diagnosing and treating arterial gastrointestinal fistulas. Methods: The diagnosis treatment of two patients with fistulas were reported, the experience was summarized. Results: In these cases, both admitted bleeding as primary complaint, underwent emergency laparotomies, diagnosed small intestinal before surgery. first patient died a result an a...

Objective: Ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin, is used as a usual antimicrobial drug in veterinary medicine. Positive efficiency of ceftiofur for treatment of retained fetal membrane (RFM) and acute puerperal metritis has been previously reported. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of ceftiofur hydrochloride (CH) in prevention of uterine postpart...