We present a bandwidth-efficient off-line anonymous e-cash scheme with traceable coins. Once a user double-spends, his identity can be revealed and all his coins in the system can be traced, without resorting to TTP. For a security level comparable with 1024-bit standard RSA signature, the payment transcript size is only 512 bytes. Security of the proposed scheme is proven under the q-strong Di...

BACKGROUND The main service provider for childhood immunization in Sri Lanka is the government sector. However, utilization of private sector for childhood immunization is increasing rapidly. Existing national immunization data does not routinely include statistics on private sector immunization delivery adequately. OBJECTIVE To estimate the proportion of children immunized in the private sec...

This paper provides a conceptual argument for examining the challenge of IT outsourcing in the public sector through the lens of knowledge management. While IS researchers have recently begun to focus attention on the particular challenges of outsourcing in the public sector [19, 28], we believe that the shift to more market based solutions is occurring without much consideration for the knowle...

the objective of this study is to model and estimate the effect of financial services in the agricultural sector of iran on the value added of this sector. moreover, since as of 1984, the interest free banking law was implemented, the effect of this change on the value added of the sector will be studied as the second objective. the model of the study consists of three tions. the volume of real...

Delivery of oral care in SA The South African population can broadly be divided into two major markets as far the delivery of dentistry is concerned (Table 1): 20% of the population is being treated in the private sector comprising approximately 70% of the dental practitioners, while the remaining 80% is being treated in the public sector by approximately 30% of the available dental practitione...

The objectives of this paper are to review the monetary and financial sector reforms in India, identify the emerging issues and explore the prospects for further reform. The first part is devoted to a brief background on the need for reforms taken up in 1991-92. The second part is devoted to the institutional aspects of the reform. Issues relating to ownership, competition and regulation in the...

When evaluating Public Sector transformation efforts in the UK during the past three decades, three waves can be identified. The first wave in the mid 1960s to the late 1970s is regarded as Traditional public administration and the second wave in the late 1970’s to 1990’s is labelled as New Public Management (NPM). The third wave began in the late 1990s and can be characterised as the post NPM ...

Co-design is an approach to design that emphasises the creative contribution that can be made by potential users, clients and other stakeholders in developing products, systems or services. Codesign is widely used in the commercial sector to accelerate user acceptance and reduce product/service failure. Co-design is also becoming widespread in the public sector as a way of engaging citizens in ...

performance-based budgeting adds effectiveness and economizing factors to traditional aspects of budgeting. this system distinguishes efficiency from effectiveness. efficiency emphasizes on the useful utilization of the resources concerned while effectiveness considers the performance. categorization of operations in performance-based budgeting is in a way that goals are expressed more transpar...