We report a case of sudden death in a 28-year-old male diagnosed with neurofibromatosis at the age of 6 years. The patient had multiple café-au-lait spots which, although being benign, were an ominous sign in this context. The immediate cause of death was intrathoracic neurofibroma causing compression that led to fracture of the thoracic vertebrae and laceration of the aorta with massive hemoth...

Cervical ribs are an anomaly that arise from the lowest cervical vertebrae but their relationship to thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is not so constant that the two conditions should be seen as synonymous. Perhaps no more than 10% of people who have cervical ribs develop TOS and the syndrome may well occur in the absence of ribs. Diagnosis of TOS may be difficult and depends upon a thorough hist...

Melorheostosis, an uncommon mesenchymal dysplasia, rarely affects the axial skeleton. We describe the imaging findings of melorheostosis involving the cervical and upper thoracic spine. Radiographs and CT showed unilateral well-marginated undulating zones of cortical hyperostosis involving multiple vertebrae that were contiguous with a coalescent ossified right paravertebral mass. MR imaging sh...

Introduction: Cervical rib is a supernumerary rib springing from one of the cervical vertebrae, usually the seventh. About 1 in 200 people are born with cervical rib. About 1 in 10 people who have a cervical rib develop symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). Aims: The aim of this study was to identify normal and abnormal anatomy of thoracic outlet using MRI in symptomatic costoclavicular c...

Background: We experienced a very rare complication, that is, an unexpected postoperative paraplegia due to the incidental migration of oxidized regenerated cellulose used for hemostasis of intercostal space bleeding. Patients and Methods: The objective is to analyze the cause and to take measures against the very rare complication from an empirical analysis and the literature. For a 78-year-ol...

Generally, patients with severe burst fractures, instability, or neurological deficits require surgical treatment. In most cases, circumferential reconstruction is performed. Surgical methods for three-column include anterior, lateral, and posterior approaches. cases involving an anterior lateral approach, collaboration general thoracic surgeons may be necessary because the adjacent anatomical ...

Cervical ribs are an anomaly that arise from the lowest cervical vertebrae but their relationship to thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is not so constant that the two conditions should be seen as synonymous. Perhaps no more than 10% of people who have cervical ribs develop TOS and the syndrome may well occur in the absence of ribs. Diagnosis of TOS may be difficult and depends upon a thorough hist...

65 years gentleman presented to emergency department with upper body hypertensive urgency, heart failure and renal shut down. He had recently undergone aortography and CT angiography which revealed severe atheromatous narrowing of upper descending thoracic aorta, well below the origin of left subclavian artery, with maximal stenosis of 85% at D5-D6 vertebrae level. Urgent aortic stenting with c...

In this paper the alterations of the skeleton of a 42 year old, Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus, Linnaeus, 1760) are described. The skeleton showed typical hyperostosis and calcification on the right side of the thoracic vertebrae, consistent with the skeletal disease known in human pathology under the name of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH, ankylosing hyperostosis). ...

Figure 1: (A) Chest radiography revealed a 1.5-cm radio-opaque density at the level of the T4-5 vertebrae. (B and C) Chest computed tomography demonstrated bilateral neck subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum with a tubular structure, 15 cm in length, in the cervical and upper thoracic oesophagus. (D) The upper posterior mediastinal pleura were opened, and a ballpoint pen was found betwe...