We evaluate the threshold matrix–element for the reaction pp → ppπ0 in a fully relativistic Feynman diagrammatic approach. We employ a simple effective range approximation to take care of the S–wave pp final–state interaction. The experimental value for the threshold amplitude A = (2.7− i 0.3) fm4 can be reproduced by contributions from tree level chiral (long–range) pion exchange and short–ran...

The Modified Bark Spectral Distortion (MBSD), used for an objective speech quality measure, was presented previously [1][2]. The MBSD measure estimates speech distortion in the loudness domain taking into account the noise masking threshold in order to include only audible distortions in the calculation of the distortion measure. Preliminary simulation results have shown improvement of the MBSD...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between several physiological variables that can be easily obtained during cycle ergometer gradual testing (for example, peak power output (W(peak)), Vo(2max), or ventilatory threshold (VT)) and actual (>50 km) time trials (TT) time performance during the Tour de France. METHODS We collected data in professional cyclists from the first TT of the 1998 ...

In this Letter, we show that the explosive percolation is a novel continuous phase transition. The order-parameter-distribution histogram at the percolation threshold is studied in Erd˝ os-Rényi networks, scale-free networks, and square lattice. In finite system, two well-defined Gaussian-like peaks coexist, and the valley between the two peaks is suppressed with the system size increasing. Thi...

In social movements, the decision of individuals to participate depends both on their own preferences as well as the behavior of others. Three examples of this type of interaction are the Arab Spring protests, Kickstarter campaigns, and internet memes. One way of modeling this is Granovetter’s threshold model of collective action, in which each agent needs to see a “threshold” level of particip...

Taste thresholds for sucrose, NaCl, QHCl and citric acid were examined over the lifetime of seven rats. Significant yet subtle decreases in taste sensitivity were observed in the oldest subjects only.

To evaluate the possible contribution of high-frequency hearing to frequency discrimination at lower frequencies, pure-tone frequency discrimination tasks at 1200 Hz, with and without high-frequency masking noise, were performed by two highly practiced normal-hearing listeners. Signal levels ranged from 10 to 80 dB SPL. Spectra of the three high-frequency masking noises ranged from 1.8 to 2.1 k...

Frequency discrimination was measured for a wide range of center frequencies (0.25-8 kHz) using three different tasks. In the first (difference limens for frequency, DLFs) subjects were required to indicate which of two successive tone pulses was higher in frequency. In the second (difference limens for change, DLCs), two successive pairs of tone pulses were presented; one pair had the same fre...

This paper presents a novel secret voting scheme which fully conforms to the requirements of large scale elections. The participants in the scheme are voters, candidates, an administrator, and a counter. The scheme uses threshold encryption to preserve the privacy and accuracy of the votes against dishonesty of voters, candidates, the administrator , and the counter. It also ensures veriiabilit...

This report covers work of the Optics Division at Lincoln Laboratory for the period 1 January through 30 June 1974. The topics covered are laser technology and propagation and optical measuremerts and inst r urn ent ati on. Additional information on the optics program may be found in the semiannual technical summary reports to the Advanced Research Projects Agency.