Lagomorphs (a group that consists of pikas, hares, rabbits and allies) are notable for their conservative morphology retained for most of their over 50 million years evolutionary history. On the other hand, their remarkable morphological uniformity partly stems from a considerable number of homoplasies in cranial and dental structures that hamper phylogenetic analyses. The premolar foramen, an ...

CBCT Evaluation of the Position Palatal Neurovascular Bundle and Greater Palatine Foramen in an Iranian Population

purpose: in this study we aimed to investigate the benefits of far-lateral approach without partial condylectomy in patients with foramen magnum meningiomas over surgical approach with condylectomy. methods: from 1980 to 2011, a total of 17 patients with foramen magnum meningiomas were treated surgically via far-lateral approach without condylectomy. the follow up period of this study was 6 to ...

BACKGROUND Information on the position of the mental foramen is important for dental surgeons. Variations in its position can be a cause of complications during local anesthesia or surgical procedures. The usual position of the mental foramen in an Iranian population has not been previously reported. AIMS The purpose of this study was to determine the most common location of the mental forame...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to improve the treatment methods for the mental foramen by comparing the directly measured values with the radiographic measured values. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and twelve mental foramina (72 males, 40 females) that were exposed during the operation were examined. The patients' age ranged from 12 to 69 years, with a mean age of 41.8 years. All p...

Since instrumentation of the apical foramen has been suggested for cleaning and disinfection of the cemental canal, selection of the file size and position of the apical foramen have challenging steps. This study analyzed the influence of apical foramen lateral opening and file size can exert on cemental canal instrumentation. Thirty-four human maxillary central incisors were divided in two gro...

The mental foramen can be found in various locations, ranging from the root of the first lower premolar to the roots of the first molar. The anterior loop is described as the mental canal, which rises from the mandibular canal and runs outward, upward, and backward to open at the mental foramen. The knowledge of the location of the mental foramen and the existence of an anterior loop is importa...

The aim of the study is toreview the anatomical variations of supraorbital, Infraorbital and mental foramen related to gender and side in the dry skull. From our review, we found that supraorbital foramen lies 23.9mm right and 25.6mm left from the nasion approximately. Similarly we found that Infraorbital foramen lies in the maxillary bone lower to the edge of the orbital canal and it is bilate...

the common midline neck masses include thyroglossal duct cyst, lipomas, thyroid tumor or cyst and rarely a midline lymph node, particularly the node just above the thyroid isthmus. thyroid tuberculosis (ttb) is a rare cause of thyroid disease and therefore only occasionally included in the differential diagnosis. in this study we tried to explain the clinical and paraclinical manifestations of ...

background: there are inter-observer disagreements between papillary thyroid carcinoma (ptc) with other follicular lesions of thyroid in aspect of diagnosis. cd56 is present on follicular epithelial cells of the normal thyroid. we evaluated the diagnostic value of cd56 expression in ptc, follicular thyroid lesions, and follicular thyroid neoplasms. materials and methods: seventythree cases diag...