How the properties of a first language (Mandarin, Korean) influence the comprehension of sentences in a second language (English) was investigated in a series of self-paced reading time studies. Native Mandarinand Korean-speaking learners of English were compared with native English speakers on how they resolved a temporary ambiguity about the relationship between a verb and the noun following ...

In this study, we derive error estimates for time accurate wavelet based schemes in two stages. First we look at the semi-discrete boundary value problem as a Cauchy problem and use spectral decomposition of self adjoint operators to arrive at the temporal error estimates both in L2 and energy norms. Later, following the wavelet approximation theory, we propose spatial error estimates in L2 and...

the current study examined the correlation among iranian efl learners’ emotional intelligence (ei), critical thinking (ct) ability, and l2 vocabulary knowledge (vk). to this end, surveys were administered to 75 iranian advanced efl participants. analyses of the data revealed a mutual relationship between the iranian efl learners’ ei and their l2 vk. similarly, a positive correlation was found b...

according to a basic prediction made by the revised hierarchical model (rhm,kroll & stewart, 1994), there is no l2 conceptual connection at the beginning stages of language learning as l2 learners mostly rely on l1 conceptual connections to retrieve the meaning of the l2 words.with increasing proficiency, however, there would be a direct access from l2 to the conceptual system. available litera...

A considerable number of studies have hitherto examined how native speakers and second language (hereafter L1 and L2, respectively) learners of English process English prepositional phrases. It is usually thought that both L1 and L2 speakers have a preference for verb phrase modification (e.g., The boy broke the old window with a ball of snow.) over noun phrase modification (e.g., The boy broke...

This research explores how well L2 motivational self systems explain language learning motivation of university students in the Turkish context. To this end, data were collected from 668 a state Turkey using 51-item questionnaire and semi-structured interviews mixed methods research. The both interview indicate an overwhelming impact experience on learners’ to learn English as foreign opposed t...

This paper addresses the task of readability assessment for the texts aimed at second language (L2) learners. One of the major challenges in this task is the lack of significantly sized level-annotated data. For the present work, we collected a dataset of CEFR-graded texts tailored for learners of English as an L2 and investigated text readability assessment for both native and L2 learners. We ...