The effect of topical ketanserin on intraocular pressure (IOP) in normotensive and hypertensive eyes was evaluated. The study was performed on 10 healthy volunteers and 10 glaucomatous patients. Systolic arterial blood pressure (SBP), diastolic arterial blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), IOP, tonographic outflow facility, pupil diameter, corneal thickness, and tear secretion were recorded a...

OBJECTIVE To examine whether topical treatment of wild-type mice with Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR-7) agonists leads to lupus-like autoimmunity. METHODS Wild-type FVB/N, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice were treated with the topical TLR-7 agonist imiquimod or R848 administered to the ear 3 times weekly. During treatment, the mice were monitored for serum autoantibody and creatinine levels as well as his...

BACKGROUND Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is an incurable disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding type VII collagen, the major component of anchoring fibrils (AF). We previously demonstrated that gentamicin produced functional type VII collagen in RDEB cells harboring nonsense mutations. Herein, we determined whether topical or intradermal gentamicin administration i...

There has been much debate and controversy about the safety and efficacy of the topical use of tranexamic acid in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate whether there is less blood loss and lower rates of transfusion after topical tranexamic acid administration in primary TKA. A systematic review of the electronic databases Pu...

BACKGROUND Brimonidine tartrate is a highly selective alpha 2 agonist that induces direct vasoconstriction of small arteries and veins, thereby reducing vasodilation and edema. OBJECTIVE To review the current literature regarding the safety, efficacy, and patient acceptability of brimonidine 0.33% gel. METHODS A PubMed search was performed using the terms brimonidine 0.33% gel, rosacea, saf...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a recently approved treatment modality that involves the sequential administration of a photosensitizer or its precursor and light to generate singlet oxygen for treating diseased tissue. The use of topical aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and blue light for nonhypertrophic actinic keratoses currently represents the only approved dermatologic application for PDT in the U....

The skin is the first line of defense against microbial infection, and psychological stress (PS) has been shown to have adverse effects on cutaneous barrier function. Here we show that PS increased the severity of group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) cutaneous skin infection in mice; this was accompanied by increased production of endogenous glucocorticoids (GCs), which inhibited epidermal lipi...

PURPOSE Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been shown to inhibit retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration when injected intraocularly in animal models of ocular hypertension, optic nerve transaction, and ischemia. The present study sought to establish the bioavailability of topical NGF to the retina and optic nerve in rats. METHODS Autoradiography was performed to evaluate whether exogenous (125)I...

Aim. To describe a case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) with ocular involvement treated with topical ophthalmic cyclosporine. Case Presentation. A 20-year-old woman developed TEN following administration of carbamazepine that was prescribed for epilepsy. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral pseudomembranous conjunctivitis. She was hospitalized in the intensive care unit and treated wit...

BACKGROUND The most appropriate route of tranexamic acid administration is controversial. In the current study, we compared the efficacy of intravenous (IV) and topical intra-articular tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss and transfusion rate in patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty. METHODS One hundred twenty 120 patients were scheduled to undergo primary total knee arthro...